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All questions of Fluids Flow for EmSAT Achieve Exam

The angle of contact for the liquid which wets the walls of the vessel is
  • a)
    acute
  • b)
    zero
  • c)
    obtuse 
  • d)
    900
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjana Sharma answered
When liquid molecules are attracted strongly to themselves and weakly to those of solids, it costs lots of energy to create liquid-solid surface and liquid then does not wet the solid.
For Example:
Mercury molecules (which make an obtuse angle with glass) have a strong force of attraction between themselves and a weak force of attraction toward solids. Hence, they tend to form drops.
On the other hand, water molecules make acute angles with glass. They have a weak force of attraction between themselves and a strong force of attraction toward solids. Hence, they tend to spread out.

Which of the following expression is true for surface tension?
  • a)
    σ = -F/1
  • b)
    σ = F/1
  • c)
    σ = F.1
  • d)
    σ = F.1.A
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
The force acting on this line is proportional to the length of this line. If l is the length of imaginary line and F the total force on either side of the line then,
F∝l
⇒ F=Sl
Or, surface tension, S=force/length
From this expression, Surface tension can be defined as the force acting per unit length of an imaginary line drawn on the liquid surface, the direction of force being perpendicular to this line and tangential to the liquid surface.it is denoted by S and it is a scalar quantity. 

When an air bubble of radius R lies at a depth h below the free surface of a liquid of density ρ and surface tension Sla, then the excess pressure inside the bubble will be
  • a)
  • b)
  • c)
  • d)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Excess pressure inside a cavity or air bubble in liquid formula
P[excess] = P[inside] - P [outside]
P [outside]  =P[atm]
P[inside]= P[atm] +hpg [here p represents density] +2T/R
P[excess] = P[atm] +hpg [here p represents density] +2T/R-P[atm]
P[excess] = hpg+2T/R
Now substitute value for T
P[excess] = hpg+2S/R
Hence C is correct.

 When wetting agents like soap or dyes are added to water, the angle of contact becomes
  • a)
    900
  • b)
    600
  • c)
    Large
  • d)
    Small
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Krishna Iyer answered
When wetting agents like soap or dyes are added to water, the angle of contact becomes small. This happens so that the particles penetrate well and become effective.

Angle of contact of water proofing agent are generally
  • a)
    large
  • b)
    small
  • c)
    less then 200
  • d)
    Can be either large or small
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Jayant Mishra answered
Generally, if the water contact angle is smaller than 90DEG, the solid surface is considered hydrophilic and if the water contact angle is larger than 90DEG, the solid surface is considered hydrophobic.

The liquid that does not wet the solid surface has an ______ angle of contact.
  • a)
    900
  • b)
    acute
  • c)
    obtuse
  • d)
    600
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The angle should be obtuse.... cuz at this angle, the liquid surface moves away from the solid surface and hence cannot wet the solid.

When impurity is added to a liquid, its surface tension
  • a)
    decreases
  • b)
    first decreases and then increases
  • c)
    increases
  • d)
    remains same
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Arun Khanna answered
When impurities are mixed in liquid, surface tension of liquid decreases. The soluble substances when dissolved in water, decreases the surface tension of water.

The property by virtue of which the free surface of a liquid at rest behaves like an elastic stretched membrane tending to contract so as to occupy minimum surface area is known as
  • a)
    Bernoulli’s principle
  • b)
    Surface tension
  • c)
    Surface energy
  • d)
    Viscosity
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Naina Sharma answered
The property by virtue of which the free surface of a liquid at rest behaves like an elastic stretched membrane tending to contract so as to occupy minimum surface area is known as surface tension. By the definition of surface tension.

By which phenomenon does the water rise from roots to leaves of plants?
  • a)
    Capillary action
  • b)
    Surface Tension
  • c)
    Bernoulli’s Theorem
  • d)
    Viscosity
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Arun Khanna answered
Plants use capillary action to bring water from the soil up through capillaries, small tubes in the plants, to the rest of the plant. Due to gravity, capillary action is not strong enough for the water to travel to the top of the plant. Another process, transpiration pull does the rest of the work.

The force required to take away a flat plate of radius 4 cm from the surface of water is (surface tension of water = 70 dyne/cm)
  • a)
    1589. 2 dyne/cm
  • b)
    1645.3 dyne/cm
  • c)
    1758.4 dyne/cm
  • d)
    1221.2 dyne/cm
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Mira Sharma answered
Force due to surface tension acts all along the circumference of the circular plate. Therefore, force required to take away of plate is,
F = T x 2πr = 70 x 2 x 3.14 x 4 = 1758.4 dyne/cm

If drops and bubbles do not collapse under the effect of gravity, it indicates that
  • a)
    pressure inside the drop is greater than outside
  • b)
    pressure inside the drop is lower than outside it
  • c)
    Surface tension is low
  • d)
    Viscosity is large
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Bhawna Mehta answered
If drops and bubbles do not collapse under the effect of gravity, it indicates that the pressure inside the drop is greater than the pressure outside. The greater inner pressure prevents the drop from collapsing. 

SI unit of surface tension is
  • a)
    N.m2
  • b)
    N.m
  • c)
    N/m​
  • d)
    N/m2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Surface tension is defined as the ratio of surface force applied on a liquid to the length along which the force acts. so it is newton/meter

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