All questions of August 2020 for UPSC CSE Exam

Nigeria

A

Because in our world very much population is illetrate and poor

D

India

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released the Financial Stability Report (FSR) on July 23, 2021. The FSR is a bi-annual publication that provides an assessment of the overall stability of India's financial system.

The report highlighted several key findings and observations. It noted that the resilience of the banking sector has improved since the previous report, with the gross non-performing assets (NPAs) ratio declining and capital adequacy ratios improving. However, it also cautioned that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the banking sector is yet to fully manifest and there are still risks to financial stability.

The FSR also highlighted the increasing importance of digital payments and the need to address cybersecurity risks. It emphasized the need for robust risk management frameworks and enhanced cybersecurity measures to protect against cyber threats and ensure the safety and efficiency of digital transactions.

Additionally, the report discussed the stress in the non-banking financial sector, particularly in the wake of the pandemic. It highlighted the need for effective regulation and supervision of non-banking financial institutions (NBFCs) to address potential risks to financial stability.

Overall, the FSR provided an in-depth analysis of the current state of India's financial system and highlighted the challenges and risks that need to be addressed to ensure stability.

B

Introduction:
The MUDRA (Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency) loan scheme was launched by the Government of India in 2015 to provide financial assistance to small and micro enterprises. The scheme aims to promote entrepreneurship and facilitate the growth of small businesses in the country. Under the MUDRA scheme, loans are provided to individuals, especially women, to start or expand their businesses.

Answer:
The correct answer is option 'D' - Tamil Nadu. Women in Tamil Nadu topped the list of MUDRA loan scheme female beneficiaries.

Explanation:
The MUDRA scheme has been successful in empowering women and promoting their entrepreneurial ventures across the country. Several factors contribute to Tamil Nadu topping the list of MUDRA loan scheme female beneficiaries.

1. Supportive Government Policies:
Tamil Nadu has implemented various government policies and initiatives to encourage women's participation in entrepreneurship. These policies include providing incentives, subsidies, and assistance for starting and expanding businesses. The state government has also set up dedicated agencies and institutions to support women entrepreneurs.

2. Women Empowerment Initiatives:
Tamil Nadu has implemented numerous women empowerment initiatives, including skill development programs, capacity building workshops, and awareness campaigns. These initiatives aim to enhance women's knowledge and skills in various sectors, enabling them to become successful entrepreneurs. The state government has also established dedicated women's entrepreneurship cells to provide guidance and support to aspiring women entrepreneurs.

3. Strong Support Ecosystem:
Tamil Nadu boasts a robust support ecosystem for women entrepreneurs. The state has a well-developed network of banks, financial institutions, and microfinance institutions that provide easy access to credit and financial services. Additionally, Tamil Nadu has a vibrant startup ecosystem with incubation centers, accelerators, and mentorship programs that offer guidance and resources to women entrepreneurs.

4. Cultural Factors:
Tamil Nadu has a long-standing tradition of women's participation in business and entrepreneurship. Women in the state have been actively involved in various industries, including textiles, handicrafts, and small-scale manufacturing. The cultural acceptance of women in business and the availability of role models have motivated more women to venture into entrepreneurship.

Conclusion:
Tamil Nadu's focus on women empowerment, supportive government policies, a strong support ecosystem, and cultural factors have contributed to women in the state topping the list of MUDRA loan scheme female beneficiaries. The government's commitment to promoting women's entrepreneurship and providing access to finance has played a crucial role in empowering women and fostering economic growth in Tamil Nadu.

All rounder from Australian team..