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All questions of NABARD Grade A Mock Tests for Bank Exams Exam

For the questions given below six sentences are given which may or may not be in a proper sequence. If B is the second sentence of after the rearrangement. Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below.
A. Despite the Vyapam scam being highlighted in the media, the Congress has failed to make it an issue that resonates with the common man. 
B. In this, the Congress is handicapped as it does not have a chief ministerial face
C. Compounding matters, the Congress’s State unit is a divided lot and there are many factions. 
D. Despite the Vyapam scam, Mr. Chouhan is still very popular, and the BJP has the advantage of projecting him again as its chief ministerial candidate. 
E. Discussion about the Congress’s electoral prospects in M.P. invariably ends up being about factionalism within the party. 
F. In this the BJP could score over the Congress, especially when the electorate compares the local and national leadership of the two parties.
Q. Which of the following would be the THIRD sentence after rearrangement?
  • a)
    F
  • b)
    A
  • c)
    C
  • d)
    D
  • e)
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The correct sequence is DBACEF. 
B is the fixed sentence which indicates that Dmust be the first sentence as Congress is handicapped by the fact that they don’t have the chief ministerial candidate which is the advantage BJP has as mentioned in the D. After D-B, A is the suitable choice for the third sentence as it is highlighting the fact that Congress has failed to capitalize on the advantage it had due to the Vyapam scam. C-E is giving the reason for Congress’ failure in taking the advantage. F is stating the impact the factionalism could have over the voters. 

What type of telecommunications hardware allows you to access the web? 
  • a)
    Browser 
  • b)
    Modem 
  • c)
    FTP protocol 
  • d)
    IRC 
  • e)
    none of these 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Arya Saha answered
​A modem is a device or program that enables a computer to transmit data over, for example, telephone or cable lines. Computer information is stored digitally, whereas information transmitted over telephone lines is transmitted in the form of analog waves. 

Jhum cultivation is another name of? 
  • a)
    Shifting cultivation 
  • b)
    Intensive farming 
  • c)
    Subsistence farming 
  • d)
    Planting cultivation 
  • e)
    Mixed farming 
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Hridoy Sharma answered
​Shifting cultivation is known by different names in different regions Jhum in Assam, Ponam in Kerala, Podu in Andhra Pradesh and Odisha and Bewar masha penda and Bera in various parts of Madhya Pradesh 

Length of rectangle is equal to the radius of a circle whose circumference is 176 cm and breadth of rectangle is equal to the side of square whose area is 196 cm², then find the length of a diagonal of that rectangle? 
  • a)
    2√130 cm 
  • b)
    14√5 cm 
  • c)
    14√3 cm 
  • d)
    14√6 cm 
  • e)
    14√2 cm 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

We are given that the circumference of the circle is 176 cm. The formula for the circumference of a circle is:

C = 2πr

where C is the circumference and r is the radius. We can rearrange this formula to solve for the radius:

r = C / 2π

Substituting the given value for C, we get:

r = 176 / (2π) ≈ 28.01 cm

So the radius of the circle is approximately 28.01 cm.

We are also given that the area of the square is 196 cm². The formula for the area of a square is:

A = s²

where A is the area and s is the side length. We can rearrange this formula to solve for the side length:

s = √A

Substituting the given value for A, we get:

s = √196 = 14 cm

So the side length of the square is 14 cm.

Finally, we are told that the length of the rectangle is equal to the radius of the circle and the breadth of the rectangle is equal to the side length of the square. Therefore, the length of the rectangle is approximately 28.01 cm and the breadth of the rectangle is 14 cm.

What should be used if a company wants to include its company name and logo at the bottom of every page of a brochure? 
  • a)
    Header 
  • b)
    Macro 
  • c)
    Footer 
  • d)
    Footnote 
  • e)
    None of the above 
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Footer

The correct answer is option 'C', which is Footer. The footer is the section located at the bottom of a document or webpage. It typically contains information such as the company name, logo, copyright notice, contact information, and navigation links. In the context of a brochure, the footer is an ideal place to include the company name and logo on every page.

Here are the reasons why the footer should be used to include the company name and logo at the bottom of every page of a brochure:

1. Consistency: Placing the company name and logo in the footer ensures consistency throughout the brochure. It helps in reinforcing the brand identity and makes the brochure look professional and cohesive.

2. Visibility: Placing the company name and logo in the footer ensures that it is visible on every page of the brochure. This is important as it helps in brand recognition and allows readers to easily identify the company associated with the brochure.

3. Aesthetics: Including the company name and logo in the footer helps in maintaining a clean and uncluttered design on the main content area of the brochure. Placing it at the bottom of the page avoids any distractions and keeps the focus on the important information.

4. Branding: The footer is an excellent place to reinforce the company's branding. By including the company name and logo in the footer, it helps in creating a lasting impression on the readers and enhances brand recall.

In conclusion, the footer should be used if a company wants to include its company name and logo at the bottom of every page of a brochure. It ensures consistency, visibility, aesthetics, and helps in reinforcing the company's branding.

NABARD was established on the recommendations of which Committee and it is established on which date? 
  • a)
    Tandon Committee and 19 July 1982 
  • b)
    Rangrajan Committee and 28 July 1982 
  • c)
    B.Sivaraman Committee and 12 July 1982 
  • d)
    Sivaraman Committee and 19 July 1982 
  • e)
    Rangrajan Committee and 12 July 1982 
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sagar Sharma answered
The correct answer is option 'C' - B. Sivaraman Committee and 12 July 1982.

Explanation:
NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) was established on the recommendations of the B. Sivaraman Committee. The committee was formed to review the arrangements for institutional credit for agriculture and rural development (CRAFICARD).

- The B. Sivaraman Committee was constituted by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in 1979 to study the issues related to agricultural credit and rural development.
- The committee submitted its report in 1982, which emphasized the need for a specialized and dedicated institution to cater to the credit requirements of agriculture and rural sectors.
- Based on the recommendations of the committee, NABARD was established on 12 July 1982 as an apex development bank in India.
- NABARD was established under the NABARD Act, 1981, which was passed by the Parliament of India.
- The main objective of NABARD is to promote sustainable and equitable agriculture and rural development by providing credit, development assistance, and other support services to farmers, rural artisans, and entrepreneurs.

NABARD's Functions:
1. Credit Functions:
- NABARD provides credit facilities to various stakeholders in the agriculture and rural sectors, including farmers, self-help groups (SHGs), rural artisans, and businesses.
- It refinances the credit institutions for agricultural and rural development projects.
- It provides short-term, medium-term, and long-term loans to meet the financial requirements of different sectors.

2. Development Functions:
- NABARD provides financial assistance and support for various developmental projects in agriculture and rural sectors.
- It promotes sustainable agricultural practices, rural infrastructure development, and agricultural marketing.
- It provides technical assistance and consultancy services to institutions and stakeholders in the agriculture and rural sectors.

3. Supervisory Functions:
- NABARD supervises and regulates the functioning of cooperative banks, regional rural banks (RRBs), and other financial institutions operating in the rural areas.
- It conducts inspections, audits, and assessments to ensure compliance with regulations and guidelines.
- It provides training and capacity-building programs for the staff of these institutions.

4. Research and Policy Advocacy:
- NABARD conducts research and studies on agriculture and rural development issues.
- It formulates policies and guidelines for various credit and development programs.
- It advocates for policy changes and reforms to promote inclusive and sustainable rural development.

In conclusion, NABARD was established on the recommendations of the B. Sivaraman Committee on 12 July 1982. It plays a crucial role in providing credit, development assistance, and support services for agriculture and rural development in India.

Basel norms are important international regulatory stipulations. It is meant for which sector? 
  • a)
    Banking 
  • b)
    Finance 
  • c)
    Marketing 
  • d)
    Tax 
  • e)
    None of these 
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Raj Mehta answered
Introduction to Basel Norms
The Basel norms are a set of international banking regulations developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. These regulations aim to enhance the stability of the global banking system by ensuring that banks maintain adequate capital reserves.
Key Objectives of Basel Norms
- Capital Adequacy: Banks must hold a sufficient amount of capital to cover potential losses, thereby mitigating the risk of insolvency.
- Risk Management: The norms encourage banks to adopt comprehensive risk management practices, ensuring they can withstand financial shocks.
- Transparency: Basel norms promote transparency in banking operations, which helps in building trust among stakeholders.
Basel Frameworks
The Basel norms consist of three primary frameworks:
- Basel I: Introduced in 1988, it focused on credit risk and established minimum capital requirements.
- Basel II: Released in 2004, it expanded the framework to include operational risk and market risk, emphasizing risk management and supervisory review.
- Basel III: Introduced in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, this framework aims to strengthen bank capital requirements and introduce new regulatory requirements on bank liquidity and leverage.
Importance in Banking Sector
- Global Standardization: Basel norms provide a global standard for banking regulations, which helps in maintaining uniformity across countries.
- Financial Stability: By enforcing stricter capital requirements, these norms contribute to the overall stability of the financial system, reducing the likelihood of banking crises.
In conclusion, the Basel norms are critical for the banking sector as they promote a robust and resilient banking environment, ultimately benefiting the economy as a whole.

In the following passage, some of the words have been left out, each of which is indicated by a number. Find the suitable word from the options given against each number and fill up the blanks with appropriate words to make the paragraph meaningfully complete.
The Sahel region is facing one of the worst food crises in years, leaving nearly six million people in urgent need of food ( 61)___________________ to survive. In addition to climatic factors such as irregular rainfall, low production within agriculture, and ( 62)___________________, the Sahel region also faces ( 63___________________ armed conflicts and terrorism, which compound the region’s ( 64___________________ and further destabilization. Recently, international organizations have stated that they need approximately $676 million to be able to respond to the current food crisis, however, humanitarian assistance remains critically ( 65___________________.
Q. Choose the correct option for blank no.62
  • a)
    Irrigation 
  • b)
    Forestation 
  • c)
    Earthquake 
  • d)
    Deluge 
  • e)
    Desertification 
Correct answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?

Aditya Ghoshal answered
Since the sentence has described about the issues such as irregular rainfall, low production within agriculture and the blank is connected using the conjunction “and”, it requires an issue in the similar context. All the other words are contextually incorrect in the context of the paragraph, hence option (e) is the most suitable answer choice. Desertification means the process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.
Deluge means a severe flood.
Forestation means establishment of forest growth 

In each of the questions below are given some statements followed by two conclusions. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Statements: All Logical are critical. Some logical are Puzzle. 
Conclusion
I: All Puzzle are Critical
​II: Some Puzzle are not Critical 
  • a)
    If only conclusion I follows. 
  • b)
    If only conclusion II follows. 
  • c)
    If either conclusion I or II follows. 
  • d)
    If neither conclusion I nor II follows. 
  • e)
    If both conclusions I and II follow.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anoushka Mehta answered
Statement: All Logical are critical. Some logical are Puzzle.
Conclusion I: All Puzzle are Critical
Conclusion II: Some Puzzle are not Critical

Explanation:
To determine whether the conclusions logically follow from the given statements, we need to analyze the statements and check if they provide enough information to support the conclusions.

Statement Analysis:
- The first statement states that "All Logical are critical." This means that every logical thing is critical.
- The second statement states that "Some logical are Puzzle." This means that there exists at least one logical thing that is also a puzzle.

Conclusion I: All Puzzle are Critical
To determine the validity of this conclusion, we need to analyze the given statements. Although the second statement tells us that some logical things are puzzles, it does not provide any direct information about the relationship between puzzles and criticality. Therefore, we cannot conclude that all puzzles are critical based on the given statements. Thus, conclusion I does not logically follow.

Conclusion II: Some Puzzle are not Critical
To determine the validity of this conclusion, we need to analyze the given statements. The first statement tells us that all logical things are critical. Since some logical things are puzzles according to the second statement, it follows that some puzzles are critical. However, this does not necessarily mean that all puzzles are critical. Therefore, we can conclude that some puzzles may not be critical based on the given statements. Thus, conclusion II logically follows.

Conclusion:
Based on the analysis above, we can conclude that only conclusion II logically follows from the given statements. Therefore, the correct answer is option C - "If either conclusion I or II follows."

Name the country, which has signed a deal with a Russian firm to manufacture 7.5 lakh AK-203 rifles recently? 
  • a)
    Bangladesh 
  • b)
    Afghanistan 
  • c)
    Pakistan 
  • d)
    India 
  • e)
    None of these 
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

​AK–203 is the latest derivative of the legendary AK-47 rifle. India has signed a deal with a Russian firm to manufacture 750,000 of these assault rifles which would be given to the Army's infantry troops.

There are two different sentences with a blank space in each question. Choose the word from the given options which fits into both the blanks appropriately adding a proper and logical meaning to the sentences.
(I) The people ____________________in violating the most basic democratic norms in Russia found safe havens in democratic countries – parking their families, purchasing real estate, and, above all, storing their ill-gotten money. 
(II) The predator seizes opportunities and controls his victim, in effect making her_____________ in the crime, perhaps through the fear of exposure. 
  • a)
    caught 
  • b)
    convicted 
  • c)
    complicit 
  • d)
    attenuate 
  • e)
    Hector 
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Shivam Menon answered
Out of all the options provided, the word that can be used to fill the blank is ‘ complicit’ thereby making the sentence contextually meaningful. ‘Complicit’ is an adjective which means to get involved in something offensive or illegal activity. Both the sentences are depicting the criminal activity therefore to show the involvement we will use ‘complicit’. All other choices fail to convey the same meaning and are irrelevant in context to the sentence. Hence, option(c) is the most viable choice. 
Attenuate means to weaken or taper off. 
Hector means to bully or intimidate. 
Convicted means found guilty. 
Caught means to intercept or hold. 

There are two different sentences with a blank space in each question. Choose the word from the given options which fits into both the blanks appropriately adding a proper and logical meaning to the sentences.
(I) China is reporting ___________________in air quality thanks to focused policies combined with strict nationwide enforcement, including source-wise action to reduce emissions. 
(II) There was no considerable _______________ in Rohan’s health, but it was impossible to defer the journey to Dublin any longer.
  • a)
    Growth 
  • b)
    Improvement 
  • c)
    Recovery 
  • d)
    Degradation 
  • e)
    Alleviation 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Parth Joshi answered
Understanding the Context
In both sentences, the blank space requires a word that conveys a positive change in the situation being described.
Sentence Analysis
- (I) China is reporting ___________________ in air quality thanks to focused policies combined with strict nationwide enforcement, including source-wise action to reduce emissions.
- Here, the focus is on air quality improvement, driven by effective policies. The word needed should reflect a positive change in air quality.
- (II) There was no considerable _______________ in Rohan’s health, but it was impossible to defer the journey to Dublin any longer.
- This sentence indicates that Rohan's health did not show significant positive changes, implying that something should have improved for the journey to be postponed.
Evaluating the Options
- a) Growth: Typically refers to an increase in size or quantity. Does not fit the context of air quality or health improvement effectively.
- b) Improvement: This word directly signifies a positive change. It perfectly fits both contexts, suggesting enhanced air quality in the first sentence and a lack of positive change in health in the second.
- c) Recovery: Implies returning to a normal state, which does not fit well with the air quality context.
- d) Degradation: Indicates a decline, which is the opposite of what is required.
- e) Alleviation: Suggests a reduction in severity but does not directly imply improvement in quality.
Conclusion
The correct answer is b) Improvement because it aptly signifies a positive change in both air quality and Rohan's health context, making it the most suitable choice for both blanks.

In the following passage, some of the words have been left out, each of which is indicated by a number. Find the suitable pair of words from the options given against each number and fill up the blanks with appropriate words to make the paragraph meaningfully complete.
A Rs 2,000 crore hike in budgetary (51) _________________ to the water resource ministry towards (52) _________________of Ganga is a welcome move by this year’s Union Budget. However, history serves up a (53) _________________. Despite the completion of two Ganga action plans and (54) _________________ fund flows – Rs 900 crore spent over the last 15 years – the National Green Tribunal (NGT) in 2017 had observed that, “not a single drop of the Ganga has been cleaned so far.” 
With a budget outlay of Rs 20,000 crore to be (55) _________________ over five years, Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s pet project – Namami Gange – launched in 2014, must therefore learn from the past mistakes. 
For north India, Ganga is at the heart of its cultural and economic (56) _________________. The 2,525 km long Ganga flows (57) _________________Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and Bengal before reaching the Bay of Bengal. Along with its tributaries, it covers 11 states that are home to 600 million people and (58) _________________water to 40% of India’s population. The river is currently (59) _________________ to cope with the sewage waste and industrial effluents dumped into it. Given its religious and industrial importance, any further deterioration would have significant (60) _________________.
Q. Choose the correct option for blank no.55
  • a)
    implemented / assembled 
  • b)
    executed / processed 
  • c)
    finished / accomplished 
  • d)
    consummated / allocated 
  • e)
    rendered / unformed 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Arpita Datta answered
Understanding the Context
The passage discusses the financial allocation and challenges related to the Ganga river cleaning project, highlighting the importance of appropriate vocabulary to convey the intended message clearly.
Why Option 'B' is Correct
- Executive Nature: The word "executed" implies that the budget will be put into action or carried out effectively. In the context of a government project, execution is crucial for ensuring that allocated funds lead to tangible results.
- Processing the Budget: "Processed" indicates that the funds will go through the necessary administrative procedures for disbursement. This is essential in budget management, highlighting the importance of following through with the financial plan.
Other Options Explained
- Option A (implemented / assembled): "Assembled" does not fit well as it suggests gathering rather than actively using the budget.
- Option C (finished / accomplished): "Finished" implies that the project is already done, which contradicts the ongoing nature of the initiatives.
- Option D (consummated / allocated): "Consummated" suggests completion in a broader sense, which is not the focus here; "allocated" is repetitive as the context already involves allocation.
- Option E (rendered / unformed): "Rendered" could imply providing services but does not align well with the execution of a budget, and "unformed" is not applicable.
Conclusion
Option 'B' ("executed / processed") appropriately captures the proactive and procedural aspects needed for the successful implementation of the budgetary allocation for the Ganga cleaning project.

Select the phrase/connector (STARTERS) from the given three options which can be used to form a single sentence from the two sentences given below, implying the same meaning as expressed in the statement sentences.
(I) A row has broken out.
(II) The Centre has decided not to accept any foreign government donations for flood relief.
(i) With the center deciding…
(ii) Because a row has broken out
(iii) A row has broken out over the centre deciding…
  • a)
    Only (i)
  • b)
    Both (i) and (iii) 
  • c)
    Only (iii) 
  • d)
    Every (i), (ii) and (iii) 
  • e)
    None of these 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjali Basak answered
Out of the three given starters, starters (i) and (iii) successfully form the grammatically correct and contextually meaningful sentence without altering the intended meaning. Hence, option (b) is the correct answer. 
With the centre deciding not to accept any foreign government donations for flood relief, a row has broken out. 
A row has broken out over the Centre deciding not to accept any foreign government donations for flood relief.

Read the following passage divided into number of paragraphs carefully and answer the questions that follow it. Certain words are given in underline to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
It used to be an axiom of liberalism that freedom meant inalienable self-ownership. You were your own property. You could lease yourself to an employer for a limited period, and for a mutually agreed price, but your property rights over yourself could not be bought or sold. Over the past two centuries, this liberal individualist perspective legitimized capitalism as a “natural” system populated by free agents. A capacity to fence off a part of one’s life, and to remain sovereign and self-driven within those boundaries, was paramount to the liberal conception of the free agent and his or her relationship with the public sphere. To exercise freedom, individuals needed a safe haven within which to develop as genuine persons before relating—and transacting—with others. Once constituted, our personhood was to be enhanced by commerce and industry—networks of collaboration across our personal havens, constructed and revised to satisfy our material and spiritual needs. 
But the dividing line between personhood and the external world upon which liberal individualism based its concepts of autonomy, self-ownership, and, ultimately, freedom could not be maintained. 
The first breach appeared as industrial products became passé and were replaced by brands that captured the public’s attention, admiration, and desire. Before long, branding took a radical new turn, imparting “personality” to objects. Once brands acquired personalities, individuals felt compelled to re-imagine themselves as brands. And today, with colleagues, employers, clients, detractors, and “friends” constantly surveying our online life, we are under incessant pressure to evolve into a bundle of activities, images, and dispositions that amounts to an attractive, sellable brand. The personal space essential to the autonomous development of an authentic self—the condition that makes inalienable self-ownership possible—is now almost gone. 
Consider young people striking out in the world today. For the most part, those without a trust fund or generous unearned income end up in one of two categories. The many are condemned to labour under zero-hour contracts and wages so low that they must work all available hours to make ends meet, rendering offensive any talk of personal time, space, or freedom. The rest are told that, to avoid falling into this soul-destroying “precariat”, they must invest in their own brand every waking hour of every day. As if in a Panopticon, they cannot hide from the attention of those who might give them a break (or know others who might). Before posting any tweet, watching any movie, sharing any photograph or chat message, they must remain mindful of the networks they please or alienate. 
Keynes’ beauty contest sheds light on the tragedy of many young people today. They try to work out what average opinion among opinion-makers believes is the most attractive of their own potential “true” selves, and simultaneously struggle to manufacture this “true” self online and offline, at work and at home—indeed, everywhere and always. Entire industries of counsellors and coaches, and varied ecosystems of substances and self-help, have emerged to guide them on this quest. The irony is that liberal individualism seems to have been defeated by a totalitarianism that is neither fascist nor communist, but which grew out of its own success at legitimizing the encroachment of branding and commodification into our personal space. 
To defeat it, and thus rescue the liberal idea of freedom as self-ownership, may require a comprehensive reconfiguration of property rights over the increasingly digitized instruments of production, distribution, collaboration, and communication. Would it not be a splendid paradox if, 200 years after the birth of Karl Marx, we decided that, in order to save liberalism, we must return to the idea that freedom demands the end of unfettered commodification and the socialization of property rights over capital goods?
Q. Which of the following alternatives among the five options provides the most similar meaning(s) of the word given in Underline as used in the passage?
Breach
(I) vaunt
(II) contravention
(III) tempt
​(IV) dereliction 
  • a)
    Only (I)
  • b)
    Only (II) and (III)
  • c)
    Only (II) and (IV)
  • d)
    Only (II), (III) and (IV)
  • e)
    All are correct 
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Hridoy Sharma answered
Understanding the Term "Breach"
The word "breach" in the context of the passage relates to the idea of a break or violation of a boundary or norm, specifically regarding individualism and personal space. To analyze the alternatives provided, we can assess their meanings:
Meaning of Options
- (I) Vaunt: To boast or brag, which does not relate to "breach."
- (II) Contravention: This term means a violation or breach of a law or rule, making it closely aligned with the meaning of "breach."
- (III) Tempt: To entice or attract, which does not convey the idea of a breach.
- (IV) Dereliction: This refers to the neglect of duty or responsibility, which can imply a failure to uphold a standard—thus, it can relate to "breach" in the sense of failing to maintain personal boundaries.
Conclusion
Based on the meanings:
- Only (II) "Contravention" directly correlates with the idea of a breach.
- Only (IV) "Dereliction" can be associated with the neglect of personal boundaries, thus relating to the concept of a breach in personal space.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (C): Only (II) and (IV). This option accurately captures the essence of "breach" in the context of the passage, which discusses the erosion of personal autonomy due to external pressures.

In the following passage, some of the words have been left out, each of which is indicated by a number. Find the suitable word from the options given against each number and fill up the blanks with appropriate words to make the paragraph meaningfully complete.
The Sahel region is facing one of the worst food crises in years, leaving nearly six million people in urgent need of food ( 61)___________________ to survive. In addition to climatic factors such as irregular rainfall, low production within agriculture, and ( 62)___________________, the Sahel region also faces ( 63___________________ armed conflicts and terrorism, which compound the region’s ( 64___________________ and further destabilization. Recently, international organizations have stated that they need approximately $676 million to be able to respond to the current food crisis, however, humanitarian assistance remains critically ( 65___________________.
Q. Choose the correct option for blank no.65
  • a)
    Upgraded 
  • b)
    Civilised 
  • c)
    Sufficient 
  • d)
    Enriched 
  • e)
    Underfunded 
Correct answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?

The most suitable word that will fill the blank in the given passage is “underfunded”. It is to be noted that the usage of the adverb “however” in the given sentence indicates a contrast between the clauses. As the initial part of the sentence illustrates about the funding by the organisations, the latter part must suggests the insufficient amount of funds. All the other words are contextually incorrect and therefore, cannot be used to fill the blank. Hence, option (e) is the most suitable answer choice. 
Upgraded means raise (something) to a higher standard, in particular improve (equipment or machinery) by adding or replacing components. 
Enriched means improve or enhance the quality or value of. 
Civilised means bring (a place or people) to a stage of social development considered to be more advanced. 

In the following questions, a sentence is divided into five parts with last part of each sentence is highlighted in underline suggesting the grammatically correct part of the sentence. Out of the four other parts, choose the part of the sentence which contains grammatical or contextual error in it. If the given sentence is both grammatically correct and contextually meaningful, choose option (E) i.e., “No error” as your answer.
Q. One reason (A)/ for the failure is that prosecuting agencies (B)/ typically believe in guilt by association(C)/; they confuse empathy with incitement (D)/ and compassion with collaboration (E). 
  • a)
    One reason 
  • b)
    typically believe in guilt by association 
  • c)
    they confuse empathy with incitement 
  • d)
    and compassion with collaboration 
  • e)
    no error 
Correct answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?

Ankit Jain answered
Understanding the Sentence Structure
The sentence provided is structured to convey a complex idea regarding prosecuting agencies and their beliefs. Each part plays a critical role in maintaining grammatical and contextual integrity.
Analysis of Each Part
- Part A: One reason
- This part correctly introduces the sentence, indicating a cause or explanation.
- Part B: for the failure is that prosecuting agencies
- This segment correctly connects the reason to the subject (prosecuting agencies), maintaining proper grammatical structure.
- Part C: typically believe in guilt by association
- This phrase is grammatically correct and contextually relevant, describing a common belief among prosecuting agencies.
- Part D: they confuse empathy with incitement
- This part continues logically from the previous clause, illustrating the belief held by these agencies.
- Part E: and compassion with collaboration
- This segment adds another layer of comparison, which maintains the flow of the sentence.
Conclusion: No Error
Upon analyzing each part, all segments are grammatically correct and contextually meaningful. The relationships between the phrases are coherent, and the sentence conveys a clear message. Thus, the correct choice is:
Option E: No error
This option indicates that the entire sentence is grammatically sound and contextually accurate without any mistakes.

A shopkeeper mark up price of LED 60% above its cost price and gives three successive discount of , d% and 25%. If shopkeeper made a loss 16% on LED. Find the second discount allowed by shop? 
  • a)
    15% 
  • b)
    20% 
  • c)
    25% 
  • d)
    16 ⅔% 
  • e)
    17.5% 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Navgeet Singh answered
Let's denote the cost price of the LED as CP, the marked up price as MP, and the selling price after three successive discounts as SP.

The marked up price (MP) is 60% above the cost price (CP), so:

   MP = CP + 0.60 * CP
   MP = 1.60 * CP
The shopkeeper gave three successive discounts of 12.5%, d%, and 25%. Therefore, the selling price (SP) can be calculated as follows:

   SP = MP * (1 - 0.125) * (1 - d/100) * (1 - 0.25)

We know that the shopkeeper incurred a loss of 16%. To find the loss percentage, we can use the formula:

   Loss Percentage = ((CP - SP) / CP) * 100

   Given that the loss percentage is 16%, we can substitute this into the equation and solve for SP:

   16 = ((CP - SP) / CP) * 100

   (CP - SP) / CP = 16/100

   CP - SP = 0.16 * CP

   SP = CP - 0.16 * CP

   SP = 0.84 * CP

Now, we can substitute the expression for SP from step 3 into the equation for SP in step 2:

   0.84 * CP = 1.60 * CP * (1 - 0.125) * (1 - d/100) * (1 - 0.25)

Simplify the equation:

   0.84 = 1.60 * 0.875 * (1 - d/100) * 0.75

Further simplify:

   0.84 = 1.05 * (1 - d/100)

Divide both sides by 1.05:

   0.8 = 1 - d/100

Solve for d:

   d/100 = 1 - 0.8

   d/100 = 0.2

   d = 0.2 * 100

   d = 20%

So, the second discount allowed by the shopkeeper is 20%.

Which of the following option depicts the type of result whose value is either TRUE or FALSE? 
  • a)
    Logical 
  • b)
    Arithmetic 
  • c)
    Algorithm 
  • d)
    Logarithm 
  • e)
    None of these 
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sagar Sharma answered
Logical
Logical operations are used to compare values and determine if a certain condition is true or false. The result of a logical operation is a boolean value, which means it can only be either true or false. Therefore, the option that depicts the type of result whose value is either true or false is the logical option (option A).

Arithmetic
Arithmetic operations involve mathematical calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The result of an arithmetic operation is a numerical value, not a boolean value. For example, if we add 2 and 3, the result is 5, which is not a true or false value.

Algorithm
An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or a set of rules for solving a specific problem. It is a logical and systematic approach to problem-solving. While an algorithm can involve logical operations and decisions, the result of an algorithm is not necessarily a boolean value. It can be a solution, a sequence of steps, or any other type of output.

Logarithm
A logarithm is a mathematical function that represents the exponent to which a fixed number, called the base, must be raised to produce a given number. The result of a logarithm operation is a numerical value, not a boolean value. It represents a relationship between numbers, rather than a true or false condition.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the option that represents the type of result whose value is either true or false is the logical option. Logical operations are used to compare values and determine if a certain condition is true or false, resulting in a boolean value.

The Internet allows you to: 
  • a)
    send electronic mail 
  • b)
    view web pages 
  • c)
    connect to servers all around the world 
  • d)
    All of the above 
  • e)
    None of these 
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Introduction:
The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers that allows individuals and organizations to connect and share information. It has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and conduct business. In this response, we will explore the various capabilities of the Internet.

Key Capabilities of the Internet:

Sending Electronic Mail:
- One of the primary functions of the Internet is to enable the exchange of electronic mail, commonly known as email.
- Email allows users to send and receive messages, documents, and files over the Internet.
- It provides a fast, efficient, and cost-effective means of communication, eliminating the need for traditional mail services.
- With email, users can communicate with individuals and businesses around the world, making it an essential tool for personal and professional communication.

Viewing Web Pages:
- The Internet is also the platform for accessing and viewing web pages.
- Web pages are documents containing text, images, videos, and other multimedia elements, accessible through web browsers.
- By typing a web address or using a search engine, users can navigate through millions of web pages available on the Internet.
- Web pages provide information on a wide range of topics, including news, entertainment, education, and e-commerce.
- They are created and maintained by individuals, businesses, and organizations, making the Internet a vast repository of knowledge and resources.

Connecting to Servers All Around the World:
- The Internet allows users to connect to servers located all around the world.
- Servers are powerful computers that store and deliver web pages, applications, and services to users.
- By connecting to servers, users can access a wide range of online services, such as social media platforms, online banking, online shopping, and cloud storage.
- These servers enable users to interact with information, services, and other users in real-time, regardless of their physical location.
- The ability to connect to servers globally is one of the key features of the Internet, facilitating global communication, collaboration, and access to resources.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the Internet allows users to send electronic mail, view web pages, and connect to servers all around the world. These capabilities have transformed the way we communicate, access information, and conduct business. The Internet has become an indispensable tool in our personal and professional lives, connecting individuals and organizations on a global scale.

The growing of grass or legumes in rotation with grain or tilled crops as a soil conservation measure is termed as? 
  • a)
    Crop rotation 
  • b)
    Ley farming 
  • c)
    Shifting cultivation 
  • d)
    Dairy farming 
  • e)
    Mixed farming 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Maya Kaur answered
​In ley farming, the field is alternately used for grain or other cash crops for a number of years and “laid down to ley” i.e. left fallow, used for growing hay or used for pasture for another number of years. After that period it is again ploughed and used for cash/field crops. 

Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana was launched on: 
  • a)
    25 August 2014 
  • b)
    28 August 2014 
  • c)
    15 August 2015 
  • d)
    1 August 2016 
  • e)
    28 August 2015 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Partho Unni answered
​Objective of "Pradhan Mantri Jam-Dham Yojana (PMJDY)" is ensuring access to various financial services like availability of basic savings bank account, access to need based credit, remittances facility, insurance and pension to the excluded sections i.e. weaker sections & low income groups. This deep penetration at affordable cost is possible only with effective use of technology. 

What type of devices is a computer monitor? 
  • a)
    Software 
  • b)
    Processing 
  • c)
    Storage 
  • d)
    Input 
  • e)
    Output 
Correct answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?

Sameer Yadav answered
​A computer monitor displays the processed input as the output, such as information, pictures, and videos. Therefore, a monitor is called an output device. 

Study the information carefully and answer the questions given below.
Mahesh starts his journey from point A. He walks 15m in South direction and reaches at point C. Now, he turns to the left and walks 10m to reach point D then he takes right turn and walk 4m to reach point F. From point F, he walks 5m in east direction and reaches at point M and walks 9m in North and reached point N.
Q. Find the shortest distance between point A and point N? 
  • a)
    3m 
  • b)
    5√13 m 
  • c)
    2√24 m 
  • d)
    4m 
  • e)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Understanding Mahesh's Journey
To find the shortest distance between point A and point N, we need to trace Mahesh's movements step by step.
Step-by-Step Movement:
- Mahesh starts at point A.
- He walks 15m South to reach Point C.
- Turns left (now facing East) and walks 10m to reach Point D.
- Takes a right turn (now facing South) and walks 4m to reach Point F.
- From Point F, he walks 5m East to reach Point M.
- Finally, he walks 9m North to reach Point N.
Coordinates of Each Point:
- Point A: (0, 0)
- Point C: (0, -15)
- Point D: (10, -15)
- Point F: (10, -19)
- Point M: (15, -19)
- Point N: (15, -10)
Calculating the Shortest Distance:
To find the shortest distance between A (0, 0) and N (15, -10), we can use the distance formula:
Distance = √[(x2 - x1)² + (y2 - y1)²]
Plugging in the coordinates:
- x1 = 0, y1 = 0 (Point A)
- x2 = 15, y2 = -10 (Point N)
Distance = √[(15 - 0)² + (-10 - 0)²]
= √[15² + (-10)²]
= √[225 + 100]
= √325
= 5√13
Conclusion:
The shortest distance between Point A and Point N is 5√13 meters, which is option b.

‘Multiculturalism’ refers to the social phenomenon where: 
  • a)
    Multiple people follow the same culture 
  • b)
    One person follows multiple culture 
  • c)
    Multiple people follow various cultures in one society 
  • d)
    Multiple cultures are used to govern the society 
  • e)
    None of the above 
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Mainak Ghosh answered
Explanation:
Multiculturalism refers to the social phenomenon where multiple people follow various cultures in one society. This concept recognizes and values the diversity of different cultures within a society, promoting equality and inclusivity for all individuals regardless of their cultural background.

Key Points:
- Multiculturalism acknowledges the presence of different cultural groups within a society.
- It promotes respect, understanding, and appreciation for the unique traditions, beliefs, and practices of each culture.
- Multicultural societies celebrate diversity and encourage individuals to learn from one another, fostering a sense of unity and harmony.
- This phenomenon challenges the notion of a dominant culture and emphasizes the importance of coexisting peacefully with others who may have different cultural norms.
- Multiculturalism can lead to a more enriched and vibrant society, as people from various backgrounds come together to share their perspectives and experiences.

Computers built before the first generation of computers were __________. 
  • a)
    mechanical 
  • b)
    electro-mechanical 
  • c)
    electrical 
  • d)
    All of these 
  • e)
    None of these 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sameer Yadav answered
Electro-Mechanical Computers:
Prior to the first generation of computers, computers were considered electro-mechanical. These computers combined electrical components with mechanical parts to perform calculations and store data.

Key Points:
- Electro-mechanical computers used a combination of switches, relays, and mechanical gears to perform computations.
- One of the most well-known examples of an electro-mechanical computer is the Harvard Mark I, which was used during World War II.
- These computers were large, slow, and required manual intervention to operate.
- They were limited in terms of processing power and memory capacity compared to modern computers.

Transition to Electronic Computers:
The transition from electro-mechanical computers to electronic computers marked the beginning of the first generation of computers. Electronic computers used vacuum tubes and later transistors to perform calculations, leading to faster processing speeds and increased reliability.

Key Points:
- Electronic computers revolutionized the field of computing by enabling faster and more complex computations.
- The development of electronic computers paved the way for subsequent generations of computers, including the integrated circuit-based computers of the 1960s and beyond.
- The shift towards electronic computers also led to significant advancements in computer programming and software development.

There are two different sentences with a blank space in each question. Choose the word from the given options which fits into both the blanks appropriately adding a proper and logical meaning to the sentences.
(I) Even though the growth of the Indian solar energy sector has been ______________, it only accounts for around 6% of India’s installed power capacity. 
(II) ___________________ results have been reported in stem cell treatment for multiple sclerosis. 
  • a)
    Benevolent 
  • b)
    Lament 
  • c)
    Narrow 
  • d)
    Impressive 
  • e)
    Empirical 
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Out of all the options provided, the blank can be filled with ‘Impressive’ word to make it contextually meaningful. Here the adjective impressive means evoking admiration through sizequality, or skills. In the first sentence, it is used to show contrast in the solar energy sector. In the second sentence, it is used to signify advancement in the medical sector. All other choices fail to make the sentence contextually meaningful. Hence option (d) is the most viable choice. 

Rearrange the following sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph; then answer the questions given below them.
(A) In many ways, it was. 
(B) This could have made defending the region difficult for us. 
(C) Loss of these heights would have given the enemy, power to dominate the axis leading to Ladakh, as also the complete area. 
(D) Pakistan was certain that India would approach the world community but not launch an attack. 
(E) The main contention by many strategists has been that by reclaiming the heights that was occupied by Pakistan, can we call it a victory? 
(F) It was a loss of face for the government and the Army.
Q. Which of the following should be the first sentence after rearrangement? 
  • a)
  • b)
  • c)
  • d)
  • e)
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Pranav Mehta answered
Explanation:
The correct sequence of the sentences to form a meaningful paragraph is as follows:

(D) Pakistan was certain that India would approach the world community but not launch an attack.
(F) It was a loss of face for the government and the Army.
(C) Loss of these heights would have given the enemy power to dominate the axis leading to Ladakh, as also the complete area.
(A) In many ways, it was.
(B) This could have made defending the region difficult for us.
(E) The main contention by many strategists has been that by reclaiming the heights that were occupied by Pakistan, can we call it a victory?

The first sentence after rearrangement should be (D) Pakistan was certain that India would approach the world community but not launch an attack.

Correct answer: D

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