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All questions of Cell: Fundamental Unit of Life for Grade 9 Exam
Choose the correctly matched pair.- a)Hypertonic solution - Cell swells up
- b)Hypotonic solution - Cell shrinks
- c)Isotonic solution - No net movement of water
- d)Diffusion - Movement of water molecules
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Choose the correctly matched pair.
a)
Hypertonic solution - Cell swells up
b)
Hypotonic solution - Cell shrinks
c)
Isotonic solution - No net movement of water
d)
Diffusion - Movement of water molecules
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Prepworks Coaching answered |
- Option A: Hypertonic solution - Cell swells up
Incorrect. In a hypertonic solution, the outside solution has a higher solute concentration than inside the cell, causing the cell to lose water and shrink, not swell up.
- Option B: Hypotonic solution - Cell shrinks
Incorrect. In a hypotonic solution, the outside solution has a lower solute concentration than inside the cell, causing the cell to gain water and swell up, not shrink.
- Option C: Isotonic solution - No net movement of water
Correct. In an isotonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is the same as inside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water across the cell membrane. Thus, the cell maintains its shape and size.
- Option D: Diffusion - Movement of water molecules
Incorrect. Diffusion is the movement of molecules (excluding water molecules) from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. The movement of water molecules specifically through a selectively permeable membrane is known as osmosis.
Incorrect. In a hypertonic solution, the outside solution has a higher solute concentration than inside the cell, causing the cell to lose water and shrink, not swell up.
- Option B: Hypotonic solution - Cell shrinks
Incorrect. In a hypotonic solution, the outside solution has a lower solute concentration than inside the cell, causing the cell to gain water and swell up, not shrink.
- Option C: Isotonic solution - No net movement of water
Correct. In an isotonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is the same as inside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water across the cell membrane. Thus, the cell maintains its shape and size.
- Option D: Diffusion - Movement of water molecules
Incorrect. Diffusion is the movement of molecules (excluding water molecules) from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. The movement of water molecules specifically through a selectively permeable membrane is known as osmosis.
What is the main function of the cytoplasm in a cell?- a)To store genetic material
- b)To provide structure and support
- c)To house organelles and facilitate cellular processes
- d)To protect the cell from external damage
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
To store genetic material
b)
To provide structure and support
c)
To house organelles and facilitate cellular processes
d)
To protect the cell from external damage
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Prepworks Coaching answered |
The cytoplasm is the fluid inside the cell membrane that contains various organelles and facilitates cellular processes. It acts as a medium where essential functions, such as metabolism and the movement of materials, occur. The cytoplasm's role is crucial for maintaining cell function and organization. Interestingly, the term "cytoplasm" comes from the Greek words "kytos" meaning "cell" and "plasma" meaning "form or substance," reflecting its fundamental role in cell structure.
What is the outermost covering of a cell that regulates the entry and exit of materials known as?- a)Nucleus
- b)Cytoplasm
- c)Cell wall
- d)Plasma membrane
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
What is the outermost covering of a cell that regulates the entry and exit of materials known as?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Cell wall
d)
Plasma membrane
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Prepworks Coaching answered |
The plasma membrane, also referred to as the cell membrane, is the outermost covering of a cell that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. This selective permeability is essential for maintaining cellular functions and homeostasis.
Which of the following statements about vacuoles is correct?- a)Vacuoles are only found in plant cells and not in animal cells.
- b)The central vacuole in some plant cells can occupy 50-90% of the cell volume.
- c)Plant cells generally have smaller vacuoles than animal cells.
- d)Vacuoles are large and centrally located in animal cells.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following statements about vacuoles is correct?
a)
Vacuoles are only found in plant cells and not in animal cells.
b)
The central vacuole in some plant cells can occupy 50-90% of the cell volume.
c)
Plant cells generally have smaller vacuoles than animal cells.
d)
Vacuoles are large and centrally located in animal cells.
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Bassam Al-Khalidi answered |
Understanding Vacuoles
Vacuoles are essential cellular structures found in many types of cells, including plant and animal cells. They serve various functions, most notably in storage and maintaining cell structure.
Why Option B is Correct
- The central vacuole, particularly in plant cells, is a large membrane-bound organelle that plays a crucial role in maintaining turgor pressure.
- In some plant cells, this central vacuole can indeed occupy 50-90% of the cell volume, which is vital for:
- Water storage: Helps in maintaining hydration.
- Nutrient storage: Stores essential substances for the plant.
- Waste management: Sequesters waste products.
- This significant volume helps the plant cells maintain their shape and structural integrity, aiding in overall plant health.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect
- Option A: Vacuoles are present in both plant and animal cells, although they are generally larger and more prominent in plant cells.
- Option C: Plant cells typically have larger vacuoles compared to animal cells, which often contain smaller vacuoles used for various functions.
- Option D: In animal cells, vacuoles are usually smaller and more numerous, not large and centrally located like in plant cells.
Conclusion
Understanding the role of the central vacuole in plant cells highlights its importance in cellular function and overall plant vitality. Option B accurately reflects this crucial aspect of plant cell biology.
Vacuoles are essential cellular structures found in many types of cells, including plant and animal cells. They serve various functions, most notably in storage and maintaining cell structure.
Why Option B is Correct
- The central vacuole, particularly in plant cells, is a large membrane-bound organelle that plays a crucial role in maintaining turgor pressure.
- In some plant cells, this central vacuole can indeed occupy 50-90% of the cell volume, which is vital for:
- Water storage: Helps in maintaining hydration.
- Nutrient storage: Stores essential substances for the plant.
- Waste management: Sequesters waste products.
- This significant volume helps the plant cells maintain their shape and structural integrity, aiding in overall plant health.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect
- Option A: Vacuoles are present in both plant and animal cells, although they are generally larger and more prominent in plant cells.
- Option C: Plant cells typically have larger vacuoles compared to animal cells, which often contain smaller vacuoles used for various functions.
- Option D: In animal cells, vacuoles are usually smaller and more numerous, not large and centrally located like in plant cells.
Conclusion
Understanding the role of the central vacuole in plant cells highlights its importance in cellular function and overall plant vitality. Option B accurately reflects this crucial aspect of plant cell biology.
Choose the correctly matched pair.- a)Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - Protein Synthesis
- b)Golgi Apparatus - Formation of Lysosomes
- c)Lysosomes - Photosynthesis
- d)Mitochondrion - Detoxification of Drugs
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Choose the correctly matched pair.
a)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - Protein Synthesis
b)
Golgi Apparatus - Formation of Lysosomes
c)
Lysosomes - Photosynthesis
d)
Mitochondrion - Detoxification of Drugs
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Prepworks Coaching answered |
- Option A: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - Protein Synthesis
The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) is primarily involved in the synthesis of lipids and detoxification of drugs and poisons, not protein synthesis. Protein synthesis is the function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER). Therefore, this pair is incorrectly matched.
- Option B: Golgi Apparatus - Formation of Lysosomes
The Golgi Apparatus is involved in the formation of lysosomes. It packages and dispatches materials within the cell and is essential for the synthesis of complex sugars and the formation of lysosomes from simple vesicles. Therefore, this pair is correctly matched.
- Option C: Lysosomes - Photosynthesis
Lysosomes are responsible for digesting cellular waste and foreign materials within the cell. Photosynthesis is a process carried out by chloroplasts in plant cells. Therefore, this pair is incorrectly matched.
- Option D: Mitochondrion - Detoxification of Drugs
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell, involved in energy production through cellular respiration. Detoxification of drugs is a function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, not mitochondria. Therefore, this pair is incorrectly matched.
Thus, the correctly matched pair is Option B: Golgi Apparatus - Formation of Lysosomes.
The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) is primarily involved in the synthesis of lipids and detoxification of drugs and poisons, not protein synthesis. Protein synthesis is the function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER). Therefore, this pair is incorrectly matched.
- Option B: Golgi Apparatus - Formation of Lysosomes
The Golgi Apparatus is involved in the formation of lysosomes. It packages and dispatches materials within the cell and is essential for the synthesis of complex sugars and the formation of lysosomes from simple vesicles. Therefore, this pair is correctly matched.
- Option C: Lysosomes - Photosynthesis
Lysosomes are responsible for digesting cellular waste and foreign materials within the cell. Photosynthesis is a process carried out by chloroplasts in plant cells. Therefore, this pair is incorrectly matched.
- Option D: Mitochondrion - Detoxification of Drugs
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell, involved in energy production through cellular respiration. Detoxification of drugs is a function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, not mitochondria. Therefore, this pair is incorrectly matched.
Thus, the correctly matched pair is Option B: Golgi Apparatus - Formation of Lysosomes.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large network of membrane-bound tubes and sheets. It looks like long tubules or round or oblong bags (vesicles). The ER membrane is similar in structure to the ______ membrane.- a)Nuclear
- b)Plasma
- c)Cell
- d)Ribosomal
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large network of membrane-bound tubes and sheets. It looks like long tubules or round or oblong bags (vesicles). The ER membrane is similar in structure to the ______ membrane.
a)
Nuclear
b)
Plasma
c)
Cell
d)
Ribosomal
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Prepworks Coaching answered |
The ER membrane is structurally similar to the plasma membrane, which is a crucial feature of the endoplasmic reticulum.
Choose the correctly matched pair.- a)Prokaryotic Cell - Membrane-bound cell organelles present
- b)Eukaryotic Cell - Single chromosome
- c)Prokaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined
- d)Eukaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Choose the correctly matched pair.
a)
Prokaryotic Cell - Membrane-bound cell organelles present
b)
Eukaryotic Cell - Single chromosome
c)
Prokaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined
d)
Eukaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined
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|
Prepworks Coaching answered |
- Option A: Prokaryotic Cell - Membrane-bound cell organelles present
Incorrect. Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound cell organelles. They lack structures such as mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum, which are found in eukaryotic cells.
- Option B: Eukaryotic Cell - Single chromosome
Incorrect. Eukaryotic cells have multiple chromosomes contained within a well-defined nucleus, unlike prokaryotic cells which typically have a single, circular chromosome.
- Option C: Prokaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined
Correct. Prokaryotic cells have a nuclear region that is not well defined and is known as the nucleoid. This region is not enclosed by a nuclear membrane.
- Option D: Eukaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined
Incorrect. Eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nuclear region that is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, distinguishing them from prokaryotic cells.
The correct answer, therefore, is Option C: Prokaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined.
Incorrect. Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound cell organelles. They lack structures such as mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum, which are found in eukaryotic cells.
- Option B: Eukaryotic Cell - Single chromosome
Incorrect. Eukaryotic cells have multiple chromosomes contained within a well-defined nucleus, unlike prokaryotic cells which typically have a single, circular chromosome.
- Option C: Prokaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined
Correct. Prokaryotic cells have a nuclear region that is not well defined and is known as the nucleoid. This region is not enclosed by a nuclear membrane.
- Option D: Eukaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined
Incorrect. Eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nuclear region that is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, distinguishing them from prokaryotic cells.
The correct answer, therefore, is Option C: Prokaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined.
Choose the correctly matched pair.- a)Mitosis - Four new cells
- b)Meiosis - Two new cells
- c)Golgi apparatus - Storage and packaging of substances
- d)Nucleus - Manufacture of proteins
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Choose the correctly matched pair.
a)
Mitosis - Four new cells
b)
Meiosis - Two new cells
c)
Golgi apparatus - Storage and packaging of substances
d)
Nucleus - Manufacture of proteins
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EduRev Class 9 answered |
- Option A: Mitosis - Four new cells
Incorrect. Mitosis results in the formation of two identical daughter cells, not four. Each daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the mother cell.
- Option B: Meiosis - Two new cells
Incorrect. Meiosis leads to the creation of four new cells, each with half the number of chromosomes compared to the mother cell, not just two.
- Option C: Golgi apparatus - Storage and packaging of substances
Correct. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the storage, modification, and packaging of substances manufactured in the cell.
- Option D: Nucleus - Manufacture of proteins
Incorrect. The nucleus directs the life processes of the cell and contains genetic material, but the actual manufacture of proteins occurs in the ribosomes, which are either free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Thus, the correctly matched pair is Option C: (c) Golgi apparatus - Storage and packaging of substances.
Incorrect. Mitosis results in the formation of two identical daughter cells, not four. Each daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the mother cell.
- Option B: Meiosis - Two new cells
Incorrect. Meiosis leads to the creation of four new cells, each with half the number of chromosomes compared to the mother cell, not just two.
- Option C: Golgi apparatus - Storage and packaging of substances
Correct. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the storage, modification, and packaging of substances manufactured in the cell.
- Option D: Nucleus - Manufacture of proteins
Incorrect. The nucleus directs the life processes of the cell and contains genetic material, but the actual manufacture of proteins occurs in the ribosomes, which are either free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Thus, the correctly matched pair is Option C: (c) Golgi apparatus - Storage and packaging of substances.
Cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane composed of _____ and proteins.- a)Carbohydrates
- b)Nucleic acids
- c)Lipids
- d)Enzymes
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane composed of _____ and proteins.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Nucleic acids
c)
Lipids
d)
Enzymes
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Prepworks Coaching answered |
Cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane composed of lipids and proteins. The plasma membrane regulates the movement of materials between the interior of the cell and the outer environment.
What is the primary function of leucoplasts in a cell?- a)Storage
- b)Photosynthesis
- c)Energy production
- d)Waste removal
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
What is the primary function of leucoplasts in a cell?
a)
Storage
b)
Photosynthesis
c)
Energy production
d)
Waste removal
|
Aurora Institute answered |
Leucoplasts primarily function in storage within a cell. They are specialized organelles that store various substances such as proteins, lipids, and starch. This storage function is essential for the cell's metabolic processes and long-term energy needs.
The nucleus contains __________, which are visible as rod-shaped structures only when the cell is about to divide.- a)Genes
- b)Chromosomes
- c)Proteins
- d)Cytoplasm
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The nucleus contains __________, which are visible as rod-shaped structures only when the cell is about to divide.
a)
Genes
b)
Chromosomes
c)
Proteins
d)
Cytoplasm
|
Suman Kaur answered |
Understanding the Nucleus and Chromosomes
The nucleus is a vital organelle found in eukaryotic cells, and it plays a crucial role in the cell's genetic management and replication. Within the nucleus, structures known as chromosomes become visible during cell division.
What are Chromosomes?
- Chromosomes are long, thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins.
- They carry genetic information in the form of genes, which dictate various traits and functions of an organism.
Visibility During Cell Division
- Chromosomes are typically not visible in their compact form during the interphase (the phase when the cell is not dividing).
- As the cell prepares to divide (during prophase of mitosis), chromosomes condense and become tightly coiled, forming distinct rod-shaped structures.
Importance of Chromosomes
- Each species has a specific number of chromosomes that carry essential genetic information.
- During cell division, chromosomes ensure that DNA is accurately replicated and distributed to the daughter cells, maintaining genetic continuity.
Conclusion
In summary, the nucleus contains chromosomes, which are visible as rod-shaped structures only when the cell is about to divide. This visibility is crucial for the processes of cell division, ensuring that genetic material is properly allocated to ensure the survival and functionality of the new cells.
The nucleus is a vital organelle found in eukaryotic cells, and it plays a crucial role in the cell's genetic management and replication. Within the nucleus, structures known as chromosomes become visible during cell division.
What are Chromosomes?
- Chromosomes are long, thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins.
- They carry genetic information in the form of genes, which dictate various traits and functions of an organism.
Visibility During Cell Division
- Chromosomes are typically not visible in their compact form during the interphase (the phase when the cell is not dividing).
- As the cell prepares to divide (during prophase of mitosis), chromosomes condense and become tightly coiled, forming distinct rod-shaped structures.
Importance of Chromosomes
- Each species has a specific number of chromosomes that carry essential genetic information.
- During cell division, chromosomes ensure that DNA is accurately replicated and distributed to the daughter cells, maintaining genetic continuity.
Conclusion
In summary, the nucleus contains chromosomes, which are visible as rod-shaped structures only when the cell is about to divide. This visibility is crucial for the processes of cell division, ensuring that genetic material is properly allocated to ensure the survival and functionality of the new cells.
What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?- a)Energy storage
- b)Waste disposal
- c)Protein synthesis
- d)ATP generation
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?
a)
Energy storage
b)
Waste disposal
c)
Protein synthesis
d)
ATP generation
|
Devansh Ghoshal answered |
Primary Function of Mitochondria
Mitochondria, often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell, play a crucial role in energy production, specifically through the generation of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
ATP Generation
- Energy Currency: ATP is known as the energy currency of the cell. It stores and provides energy for various cellular processes essential for life.
- Cellular Respiration: Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration, a multi-step process that converts nutrients into ATP. This process primarily involves three key stages:
- Glycolysis: Occurs in the cytoplasm, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate.
- Krebs Cycle: Takes place in the mitochondrial matrix, where pyruvate is further broken down, releasing energy-carrying molecules like NADH and FADH2.
- Electron Transport Chain: Located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, this stage uses the electrons from NADH and FADH2 to drive the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Importance of ATP
- Cellular Activities: ATP provides energy for numerous cellular functions, including muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, biosynthesis, and active transport across cell membranes.
- Metabolic Processes: ATP is vital for metabolic processes that require energy, ensuring that cells can perform their functions efficiently.
In summary, the primary function of mitochondria is ATP generation, making them essential for cellular energy metabolism. Without mitochondria, cells would lack the energy necessary for survival and function.
Mitochondria, often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell, play a crucial role in energy production, specifically through the generation of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
ATP Generation
- Energy Currency: ATP is known as the energy currency of the cell. It stores and provides energy for various cellular processes essential for life.
- Cellular Respiration: Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration, a multi-step process that converts nutrients into ATP. This process primarily involves three key stages:
- Glycolysis: Occurs in the cytoplasm, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate.
- Krebs Cycle: Takes place in the mitochondrial matrix, where pyruvate is further broken down, releasing energy-carrying molecules like NADH and FADH2.
- Electron Transport Chain: Located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, this stage uses the electrons from NADH and FADH2 to drive the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Importance of ATP
- Cellular Activities: ATP provides energy for numerous cellular functions, including muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, biosynthesis, and active transport across cell membranes.
- Metabolic Processes: ATP is vital for metabolic processes that require energy, ensuring that cells can perform their functions efficiently.
In summary, the primary function of mitochondria is ATP generation, making them essential for cellular energy metabolism. Without mitochondria, cells would lack the energy necessary for survival and function.
Assertion (A): Cells were first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 with the help of a primitive microscope.Reason (R): The cell theory, which states that all plants and animals are composed of cells and that the cell is the basic unit of life, was presented by biologists Schleiden and Schwann in the 19th century.- a)If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- b)If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion
- c)If Assertion is true but Reason is false
- d)If both Assertion and Reason are false
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Assertion (A): Cells were first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 with the help of a primitive microscope.
Reason (R): The cell theory, which states that all plants and animals are composed of cells and that the cell is the basic unit of life, was presented by biologists Schleiden and Schwann in the 19th century.
a)
If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
b)
If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion
c)
If Assertion is true but Reason is false
d)
If both Assertion and Reason are false
|
|
Prepworks Coaching answered |
- Assertion Correctness: The assertion is correct. Robert Hooke did indeed first observe cells in a cork slice in 1665.
- Reason Correctness: The reason is also correct. The cell theory was indeed formulated by Schleiden and Schwann, stating that cells are the basic unit of life.
- Explanation: While both the assertion and reason are factually accurate, the reason provided does not directly explain the assertion. The discovery of cells by Hooke and the formulation of the cell theory by Schleiden and Schwann are two separate events in the history of cell biology.
Which cell organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?- a)Ribosomes
- b)Lysosomes
- c)Golgi apparatus
- d)Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which cell organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
a)
Ribosomes
b)
Lysosomes
c)
Golgi apparatus
d)
Endoplasmic reticulum
|
Kds Coaching answered |
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in cell
Choose the correctly matched pair.- a)Chromatin material - Visible as rod-shaped structures when cell is about to divide
- b)Prokaryotes - Cells with membrane-bound organelles
- c)Nucleoid - Well-defined nuclear region with nuclear membrane
- d)Functional segments of DNA - Genes
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Choose the correctly matched pair.
a)
Chromatin material - Visible as rod-shaped structures when cell is about to divide
b)
Prokaryotes - Cells with membrane-bound organelles
c)
Nucleoid - Well-defined nuclear region with nuclear membrane
d)
Functional segments of DNA - Genes
|
|
Prepworks Coaching answered |
- Option A: Chromatin material - Visible as rod-shaped structures when cell is about to divide
Incorrect. Chromatin material is visible as an entangled mass of thread-like structures when the cell is not dividing. It organizes into chromosomes, which are rod-shaped structures, when the cell is about to divide.
- Option B: Prokaryotes - Cells with membrane-bound organelles
Incorrect. Prokaryotes are organisms whose cells lack a nuclear membrane and most of the other membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells.
- Option C: Nucleoid - Well-defined nuclear region with nuclear membrane
Incorrect. The nucleoid is a poorly defined nuclear region in prokaryotes that lacks a nuclear membrane.
- Option D: Functional segments of DNA - Genes
Correct. Genes are the functional segments of DNA that contain the information necessary for constructing and organizing cells.
The correct answer is Option D because it accurately describes the relationship between functional segments of DNA and genes, while the other options contain inaccuracies based on the provided content.
Incorrect. Chromatin material is visible as an entangled mass of thread-like structures when the cell is not dividing. It organizes into chromosomes, which are rod-shaped structures, when the cell is about to divide.
- Option B: Prokaryotes - Cells with membrane-bound organelles
Incorrect. Prokaryotes are organisms whose cells lack a nuclear membrane and most of the other membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells.
- Option C: Nucleoid - Well-defined nuclear region with nuclear membrane
Incorrect. The nucleoid is a poorly defined nuclear region in prokaryotes that lacks a nuclear membrane.
- Option D: Functional segments of DNA - Genes
Correct. Genes are the functional segments of DNA that contain the information necessary for constructing and organizing cells.
The correct answer is Option D because it accurately describes the relationship between functional segments of DNA and genes, while the other options contain inaccuracies based on the provided content.
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