PPT: Citizenship | Indian Polity for UPSC CSE PDF Download

 Page 1


Lecture 4 
Citizenship 
Capstone IAS Learning
Page 2


Lecture 4 
Citizenship 
Capstone IAS Learning
What will we cover
What is Citizenship ? 
Rights and Privileges to Indian Citizens. 
Article 5 - 11 
Citizenship Act, 1955. 
Overseas Citizen of India(OCI) 
Citizenship Amendment Act and the recent 
Controversy.
Page 3


Lecture 4 
Citizenship 
Capstone IAS Learning
What will we cover
What is Citizenship ? 
Rights and Privileges to Indian Citizens. 
Article 5 - 11 
Citizenship Act, 1955. 
Overseas Citizen of India(OCI) 
Citizenship Amendment Act and the recent 
Controversy.
Citizenship
The population of a State is divided into 2 classes : 
1. Citizens - those who enjoy full political and civil rights 
and are full ?edged members of a political community. 
2. Aliens - they do not enjoy all civil and political rights and 
are not members of the political community. 
The question of citizenship became particularly important at 
the time of making of our Constitution because the 
Constitution sought to give certain rights and privileges to 
those who were entitled to Indian citizenship while they were 
to be denied to aliens. 
Page 4


Lecture 4 
Citizenship 
Capstone IAS Learning
What will we cover
What is Citizenship ? 
Rights and Privileges to Indian Citizens. 
Article 5 - 11 
Citizenship Act, 1955. 
Overseas Citizen of India(OCI) 
Citizenship Amendment Act and the recent 
Controversy.
Citizenship
The population of a State is divided into 2 classes : 
1. Citizens - those who enjoy full political and civil rights 
and are full ?edged members of a political community. 
2. Aliens - they do not enjoy all civil and political rights and 
are not members of the political community. 
The question of citizenship became particularly important at 
the time of making of our Constitution because the 
Constitution sought to give certain rights and privileges to 
those who were entitled to Indian citizenship while they were 
to be denied to aliens. 
Citizens of India have following exclusive rights under Indian Constitution: 
1. Fundamental Rights under articles 15, 16 and 19 belong exclusively to Indian citizens. 
2. Only citizens are eligible for certain of?ces like the of?ce of: President[Article 58(1)
(a)]; Vice-President[Article 66(3)(a)]; Judge of Supreme Court[Article 124(3)] or of 
a High Court[Article 217(2)]; Attorney General[Article 76(2)]; Governor of a 
State[Article 157]; Advocate General[Article 165]. 
3. The right of suffrage for election to the House of P eople(of the Union) and the 
Legislative Assembly of every State[Article 326] 
4. The right to become a member of Parliament[Article 84] and of the legislature of a 
State[Article 191(d)] are also con?ned to citizens. 
All the above rights and privileges are denied to aliens[both ‘friendly’ and ‘enemy’]. 
An ‘enemy’ alien not only includes subjects of a State at war with India but also Indian 
citizens who voluntarily reside in or trade with such a State. 
But many ‘enemy’ aliens suffer from a special disability of not being entitled to bene?t of 
procedural provisions in Clause (1) & (2) of Article 22, which deals with arrests and 
preventive detention.
Page 5


Lecture 4 
Citizenship 
Capstone IAS Learning
What will we cover
What is Citizenship ? 
Rights and Privileges to Indian Citizens. 
Article 5 - 11 
Citizenship Act, 1955. 
Overseas Citizen of India(OCI) 
Citizenship Amendment Act and the recent 
Controversy.
Citizenship
The population of a State is divided into 2 classes : 
1. Citizens - those who enjoy full political and civil rights 
and are full ?edged members of a political community. 
2. Aliens - they do not enjoy all civil and political rights and 
are not members of the political community. 
The question of citizenship became particularly important at 
the time of making of our Constitution because the 
Constitution sought to give certain rights and privileges to 
those who were entitled to Indian citizenship while they were 
to be denied to aliens. 
Citizens of India have following exclusive rights under Indian Constitution: 
1. Fundamental Rights under articles 15, 16 and 19 belong exclusively to Indian citizens. 
2. Only citizens are eligible for certain of?ces like the of?ce of: President[Article 58(1)
(a)]; Vice-President[Article 66(3)(a)]; Judge of Supreme Court[Article 124(3)] or of 
a High Court[Article 217(2)]; Attorney General[Article 76(2)]; Governor of a 
State[Article 157]; Advocate General[Article 165]. 
3. The right of suffrage for election to the House of P eople(of the Union) and the 
Legislative Assembly of every State[Article 326] 
4. The right to become a member of Parliament[Article 84] and of the legislature of a 
State[Article 191(d)] are also con?ned to citizens. 
All the above rights and privileges are denied to aliens[both ‘friendly’ and ‘enemy’]. 
An ‘enemy’ alien not only includes subjects of a State at war with India but also Indian 
citizens who voluntarily reside in or trade with such a State. 
But many ‘enemy’ aliens suffer from a special disability of not being entitled to bene?t of 
procedural provisions in Clause (1) & (2) of Article 22, which deals with arrests and 
preventive detention.
The Constitution does not lay down a permanent mechanism for obtaining 
citizenship in India. It simply described classes of persons who would be deemed to 
be the citizens of India at the commencement of the Constitution and left the entire 
law of citizenship to be regulated by some future law made by Parliament. 
F or this the Parliament enacted Citizenship Act, 1955, making elaborate provisions 
for the acquisition and termination of citizenship subsequent to the 
commencement of the Constitution.