Proton , neutron and electron all these are subatomic particles .
Proton—positive ; electron—negative;  neutron—no charge. The charge on the proton and electron are exactly the same size but opposite. The same number of protons and electrons exactly cancel one another in a neutral atom.

Now Hints of Some Technical Terms used here :-

# 1)SUBATOMIC PARTICLES - Subatomic Particles are the fundamental constituents of all the matter ( not Atom is fundamental constituents ) , electrons , protons and neutrons are three subatomic particles found in an atom.
#2)NEUTRAL ATOM - Atom with same no. of electron and proton and no charge present on it .

Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons: An In-Depth Explanation

Introduction
Atoms, the building blocks of matter, are composed of smaller particles called protons, electrons, and neutrons. These fundamental particles play crucial roles in determining the physical and chemical properties of elements. Understanding the differences between these three particles is essential to comprehend the behavior of atoms and the formation of matter.

Protons - Positive Charge
Protons are subatomic particles with a positive charge. They are located within the nucleus, or the central core, of an atom. Each proton carries a charge of +1 and contributes to the overall positive charge of the nucleus. The number of protons in an atom determines its atomic number, which distinguishes one element from another. For example, hydrogen atoms have one proton, while carbon atoms have six protons.

Electrons - Negative Charge
Electrons, on the other hand, are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells. These lightweight particles have a negligible mass compared to protons and neutrons. Electrons are responsible for an atom's size and reactivity. They are distributed in various energy shells, with the innermost shell closest to the nucleus and having the lowest energy. Electrons occupy the shells in a specific order, with the first shell containing up to two electrons, the second shell up to eight electrons, and so on. The outermost shell, known as the valence shell, determines an atom's chemical properties and its ability to bond with other atoms.

Neutrons - No Charge
Unlike protons and electrons, neutrons carry no charge, making them electrically neutral. Neutrons are also located within the nucleus, alongside protons. They have a mass similar to protons but do not contribute to the atom's overall charge. The number of neutrons in an atom can vary, resulting in different isotopes of an element. Isotopes have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons.

Summary
In summary, protons, electrons, and neutrons are the three fundamental particles that comprise atoms. Protons carry a positive charge, electrons carry a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge. Protons and neutrons reside in the nucleus, while electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels. The number of protons determines an atom's atomic number, while the arrangement of electrons influences its chemical properties. Understanding the roles and characteristics of these particles is crucial in comprehending the behavior and properties of matter.