India is passing through the Second stage of Demographic transition. Let us understand this in detail.

Demographic transition refers to the change in population characteristics of a country over time. It is a model used to explain the changes in the population of a country from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. The transition occurs through four stages that are explained below:

First Stage:
In the first stage, both birth and death rates are high, resulting in slow population growth. This stage is typical of pre-industrial societies.

Second Stage:
In the second stage, death rates start to decline due to improved healthcare, sanitation, and nutrition. Birth rates remain high, leading to rapid population growth.

Third Stage:
In the third stage, birth rates begin to decline due to increased access to family planning, education, and urbanization. The death rate remains low, resulting in slower population growth.

Fourth Stage:
In the fourth stage, both birth and death rates are low, resulting in a stable population.

India is currently passing through the second stage of demographic transition. Here are some key characteristics of this stage:

- High birth rates: India has a high fertility rate of around 2.2 children per woman.
- Declining death rates: Due to improved healthcare and sanitation, the death rate in India has declined significantly over the years.
- Rapid population growth: As birth rates remain high and death rates decline, India's population is growing rapidly.

In conclusion, India is currently in the second stage of demographic transition, where birth rates remain high, and death rates have declined, leading to rapid population growth.