Ideal Gas Law and Deviation from Ideal Behaviour

The ideal gas law is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics that describes the behaviour of gases. According to the ideal gas law, the pressure, volume and temperature of a gas are related by the equation PV=nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature. This equation assumes that the gas behaves as an ideal gas, which means that the gas molecules are infinitely small, do not interact with each other, and have no internal energy.

However, in reality, gases do not always behave as ideal gases, especially at high pressures and low temperatures. At these conditions, the gas molecules are no longer infinitely small and start to interact with each other, which leads to deviations from ideal behaviour.

Factors Affecting Deviation from Ideal Behaviour

The deviation of a gas from ideal behaviour depends on several factors, including temperature, pressure, and the nature of the gas molecules. At high temperatures and low pressures, the gas molecules have high kinetic energy and move freely, which reduces their interactions with each other. At low temperatures and high pressures, the gas molecules are closer together and interact more strongly, which increases the deviation from ideal behaviour.

Answer Explanation

Among the given options, option 'A' has the highest temperature and the lowest pressure, which means that the gas molecules have high kinetic energy and move freely, while their interactions with each other are minimal. Therefore, at this condition, the deviation of the gas from ideal behaviour is expected to be minimum. Hence, the correct answer is option 'A'.

Conclusion

The deviation of a gas from ideal behaviour depends on several factors, including temperature, pressure, and the nature of the gas molecules. At high temperatures and low pressures, the gas molecules have high kinetic energy and move freely, which reduces their interactions with each other. Therefore, the deviation of the gas from ideal behaviour is expected to be minimum at this condition.