Motion is a change in position of an object over time. In this chapter, we study the different types of motion, the laws of motion, and the different physical quantities used to describe motion.


There are three types of motion - uniform motion, non-uniform motion, and periodic motion.

• Uniform Motion: When an object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time, it is said to be in uniform motion.


• Non-Uniform Motion: When an object covers unequal distances in equal intervals of time, it is said to be in non-uniform motion.


• Periodic Motion: When an object repeats its motion after equal intervals of time, it is said to be in periodic motion.

The three laws of motion were given by Sir Isaac Newton. They are:

• Newton's First Law of Motion: An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue to move with a constant velocity unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.


• Newton's Second Law of Motion: The force acting on an object is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum of the object.


• Newton's Third Law of Motion: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

There are various physical quantities that are used to describe motion. Some of them are:

• Distance and Displacement: Distance is the total path covered by an object, while displacement is the distance between the initial and final positions of an object.


• Speed and Velocity: Speed is the distance travelled by an object in a unit time, while velocity is the displacement of an object in a unit time.


• Acceleration: Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity of an object.


• Force: Force is a push or a pull on an object that causes it to move or change its motion.

In conclusion, this chapter introduces us to the different types of motion, the laws of motion, and the physical quantities used to describe motion. Understanding these concepts is essential in understanding the physical world around us.

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