formation of rainbow Related: Laws of Reflection, Light - Reflection and Refraction, Class 10 Science?

Question

formation of rainbow Related:  Laws of Reflection, Light - Reflection and Refraction, Class 10 Science?

Answer

RAINBOW FORMATION🌈🌈:- It is formed due to dispersion of light🌌🌌. When the white light of sun🌞🌞 passes from the rain droplets⚡⚡💧💧, it works as a prism for it and form rainbow🌈🌈 which is visible to us👀👀 in the direction opposite to sun🌞🌞.

THANK YOU..😎

Answer

Refraction, dispersion and internal reflection of sunlight are three phenomenon of light involved in formation of rainbow.

It is formed due to dispersion of sunlight through water droplets. Water droplets act as small prism through which sunlight enters it refracts and disperses and then gets reflected internally which creates a rainbow in the sky which is seen to observer's eye.

Answer

Formation of Rainbow

Rainbows are beautiful optical phenomena that occur when sunlight is refracted, reflected, and dispersed by water droplets in the atmosphere. The following factors play a crucial role in the formation of a rainbow:

Laws of Reflection
When light strikes a surface, it follows the laws of reflection. These laws state that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and the incident ray, reflected ray, and normal to the surface all lie in the same plane. These laws are fundamental in understanding the formation of a rainbow.

Light - Reflection and Refraction
When light passes from one medium to another, it undergoes reflection and refraction. Reflection occurs when light rays bounce off a surface, while refraction is the bending of light as it passes through a different medium.

Dispersion of Light
White light, such as sunlight, is a combination of different colors. When white light passes through a prism or water droplets, it disperses into its constituent colors due to the varying refractive indices of different colors. This dispersion is responsible for the formation of a rainbow.

The Process
The formation of a rainbow involves several steps:

1. Sunlight enters the raindrop: When sunlight enters a raindrop, it undergoes refraction, bending the rays as they enter the water droplet.

2. Internal reflection: The rays of light are reflected off the inner surface of the droplet due to the difference in refractive indices between air and water. This internal reflection causes the light to change direction inside the droplet.

3. Refraction upon exit: As the light rays exit the droplet, they undergo refraction again, bending away from the normal. This change in direction depends on the wavelength of light, resulting in the dispersion of colors.

4. Formation of primary rainbow: The dispersed light exits the droplet and is reflected off the back surface. Finally, the light exits the droplet and forms a primary rainbow. The primary rainbow consists of seven colors - violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red.

5. Secondary rainbow: Some light rays undergo an additional internal reflection before exiting the droplet. This creates a secondary rainbow, which appears above the primary rainbow and has a reversed color sequence.

Conclusion
The formation of a rainbow is a beautiful interplay of reflection, refraction, and dispersion of light. It is a natural phenomenon that adds color and wonder to our surroundings. Understanding the scientific principles behind it enhances our appreciation of the natural world.

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