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The infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton’s exponential model,
f = 13 + 29 e-(3/2)t
where f is in mm/hr and t is the time in hour. The total depth of infiltration and average infiltration rate during the first 40 min of a storm respectively is
- a)1.55 mm and 2.33 mm/hr
- b)23.66 mm and 35.5 mm/hr
- c)13 mm and 19.5 mm/hr
- d)20.89 mm and 31.33 mm/hr
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Verified Answer
The infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton’s exponen...
Concept:
Horton’s equations:
Horton expressed the decay of infiltration capacity with time as an exponential decay
ft = fc + (f0 - fc) e-kt for 0 < t < tc
where,
ft = Infiltration capacity at any time t from the start of rainfall
f0 = Initial infiltration capacity at t = 0
fc = Final infiltration capacity occurring at t = tc
k = Horton’s decay constant which depends upon soil characteristic and vegetation cover
The above Horton’s equation is applicable only when the rainfall intensity is greater than or equal to ft.
Calculation:
Infiltration ratio ft = 13 + 29e-(3/2)t
The total depth of infiltration for the first 40 minutes
F40 = 20.888 mm
The average infiltration rate for the first 40 min will be
favg = 31.33 mm/hr
Most Upvoted Answer
The infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton’s exponen...
Model, which describes the rate at which water infiltrates into the soil as a function of time. The Horton model assumes that the infiltration capacity initially starts at a high rate and then decreases over time until it reaches a constant rate.
The infiltration capacity of a soil can be influenced by various factors such as soil texture, structure, organic matter content, and compaction. Soils with higher clay content tend to have lower infiltration capacities compared to soils with higher sand content. Similarly, compacted soils or soils with poor structure may have reduced infiltration capacities.
The Horton model can be represented by an equation:
I(t) = I0 + (Ii - I0) * e^(-kt)
Where:
I(t) is the infiltration capacity at time t,
I0 is the initial infiltration capacity,
Ii is the steady-state infiltration capacity (constant rate),
k is the decay constant.
Initially, when t approaches 0, the infiltration capacity is close to I0. As time progresses, the infiltration capacity decreases exponentially and approaches Ii as t approaches infinity.
The infiltration capacity of a soil can also be affected by rainfall intensity. If the rainfall intensity is higher than the infiltration capacity, excess water will result in surface runoff. Conversely, if the rainfall intensity is lower than the infiltration capacity, the soil will be able to absorb all the water.
Understanding the infiltration capacity of a soil is crucial for various applications such as watershed management, stormwater management, and irrigation planning. It helps in estimating the amount of water that can be absorbed by the soil and the potential for surface runoff or waterlogging.
The infiltration capacity of a soil can be influenced by various factors such as soil texture, structure, organic matter content, and compaction. Soils with higher clay content tend to have lower infiltration capacities compared to soils with higher sand content. Similarly, compacted soils or soils with poor structure may have reduced infiltration capacities.
The Horton model can be represented by an equation:
I(t) = I0 + (Ii - I0) * e^(-kt)
Where:
I(t) is the infiltration capacity at time t,
I0 is the initial infiltration capacity,
Ii is the steady-state infiltration capacity (constant rate),
k is the decay constant.
Initially, when t approaches 0, the infiltration capacity is close to I0. As time progresses, the infiltration capacity decreases exponentially and approaches Ii as t approaches infinity.
The infiltration capacity of a soil can also be affected by rainfall intensity. If the rainfall intensity is higher than the infiltration capacity, excess water will result in surface runoff. Conversely, if the rainfall intensity is lower than the infiltration capacity, the soil will be able to absorb all the water.
Understanding the infiltration capacity of a soil is crucial for various applications such as watershed management, stormwater management, and irrigation planning. It helps in estimating the amount of water that can be absorbed by the soil and the potential for surface runoff or waterlogging.
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The infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton’s exponential model,f = 13 + 29 e-(3/2)twhere f is in mm/hr and t is the time in hour. The total depth of infiltration and average infiltration rate during the first 40 min of a storm respectively isa)1.55 mm and 2.33 mm/hrb)23.66 mm and 35.5 mm/hrc)13 mm and 19.5 mm/hrd)20.89 mm and 31.33 mm/hrCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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The infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton’s exponential model,f = 13 + 29 e-(3/2)twhere f is in mm/hr and t is the time in hour. The total depth of infiltration and average infiltration rate during the first 40 min of a storm respectively isa)1.55 mm and 2.33 mm/hrb)23.66 mm and 35.5 mm/hrc)13 mm and 19.5 mm/hrd)20.89 mm and 31.33 mm/hrCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 is part of Civil Engineering (CE) preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Civil Engineering (CE) exam syllabus. Information about The infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton’s exponential model,f = 13 + 29 e-(3/2)twhere f is in mm/hr and t is the time in hour. The total depth of infiltration and average infiltration rate during the first 40 min of a storm respectively isa)1.55 mm and 2.33 mm/hrb)23.66 mm and 35.5 mm/hrc)13 mm and 19.5 mm/hrd)20.89 mm and 31.33 mm/hrCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for The infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton’s exponential model,f = 13 + 29 e-(3/2)twhere f is in mm/hr and t is the time in hour. The total depth of infiltration and average infiltration rate during the first 40 min of a storm respectively isa)1.55 mm and 2.33 mm/hrb)23.66 mm and 35.5 mm/hrc)13 mm and 19.5 mm/hrd)20.89 mm and 31.33 mm/hrCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
The infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton’s exponential model,f = 13 + 29 e-(3/2)twhere f is in mm/hr and t is the time in hour. The total depth of infiltration and average infiltration rate during the first 40 min of a storm respectively isa)1.55 mm and 2.33 mm/hrb)23.66 mm and 35.5 mm/hrc)13 mm and 19.5 mm/hrd)20.89 mm and 31.33 mm/hrCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 is part of Civil Engineering (CE) preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Civil Engineering (CE) exam syllabus. Information about The infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton’s exponential model,f = 13 + 29 e-(3/2)twhere f is in mm/hr and t is the time in hour. The total depth of infiltration and average infiltration rate during the first 40 min of a storm respectively isa)1.55 mm and 2.33 mm/hrb)23.66 mm and 35.5 mm/hrc)13 mm and 19.5 mm/hrd)20.89 mm and 31.33 mm/hrCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for The infiltration capacity of a soil follows the Horton’s exponential model,f = 13 + 29 e-(3/2)twhere f is in mm/hr and t is the time in hour. The total depth of infiltration and average infiltration rate during the first 40 min of a storm respectively isa)1.55 mm and 2.33 mm/hrb)23.66 mm and 35.5 mm/hrc)13 mm and 19.5 mm/hrd)20.89 mm and 31.33 mm/hrCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
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