Introduction:
A shaded pole induction motor is a type of single-phase induction motor that is commonly used in low-power applications such as fans, blowers, and small appliances. It is characterized by its simple construction and low cost. However, it does not possess the advantage of high starting torque, unlike other types of induction motors.

Explanation:
Here, we will discuss each option given in the question and explain why option 'C' is the correct answer.

Rugged construction:
- A shaded pole induction motor is known for its rugged construction.
- It consists of a stator with a primary winding and a secondary winding, both of which are wound on the same core.
- The secondary winding is made up of copper or aluminum bars that are short-circuited at the ends, forming a closed loop.
- The construction of the motor makes it resistant to mechanical stress and capable of withstanding harsh operating conditions.

Low initial as well as maintenance cost:
- Shaded pole induction motors are relatively inexpensive to manufacture.
- The simple construction of these motors reduces their production cost.
- Additionally, the absence of brushes and slip rings eliminates the need for regular maintenance, further reducing the overall cost.

Comparatively small starting current:
- Shaded pole induction motors have a disadvantage of relatively high starting current.
- During the starting phase, the secondary winding carries a high current, which is necessary for creating the rotating magnetic field.
- This high starting current can be a drawback, especially in applications where a limited power supply is available or when multiple motors are connected to the same circuit.

High starting torque:
- This is the main disadvantage of shaded pole induction motors.
- These motors have a low starting torque compared to other types of induction motors.
- The low starting torque makes them unsuitable for applications requiring high starting torque, such as heavy-duty machinery or equipment with high inertia.

Conclusion:
In summary, a shaded pole induction motor offers rugged construction and low initial as well as maintenance costs. However, it lacks the advantage of high starting torque, which limits its suitability for applications requiring high starting torque.