Difference between bhangar and khadar?

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Bhangar soil is older alluvial soil. Large parts of the Northern Indian Plains are formed of the bhangar soil. The soil presents a terrace like feature. it is not as fertile as the khadar soil.

Khadar soil is new and younger deposits of the alluvium soil on the flood plains. This soil is renewed every year and thus is comparatively more fertile than the bhangar soil.

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Khadar.
•more fertile
• near river
• new alluvium soil..

Bhangra
•less fertile
•away from river
•old alluvium soil...

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Bhangar vs Khadar:

There are two major types of alluvial soils found in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India, namely Bhangar and Khadar. These soils are formed by the deposition of sediments brought by rivers. While both Bhangar and Khadar are fertile and support agricultural activities, they differ in various aspects, including their formation, characteristics, and suitability for cultivation.

Formation:
1. Bhangar: Bhangar is an older alluvial soil formed by the deposition of older sediments. It is primarily composed of clay, silt, and sand.
2. Khadar: Khadar is a younger alluvial soil formed by the deposition of fresh sediments during annual floods. It is rich in fine particles such as silt and clay.

Characteristics:
1. Bhangar:
- Bhangar soil is relatively coarse in texture and has a higher proportion of sand.
- It has good drainage properties, allowing excess water to seep through easily.
- Bhangar soil has a lower water-holding capacity and can become dry during the summer season.
- It is typically darker in color and is more compact than Khadar soil.
- Bhangar soil is more acidic in nature and requires appropriate soil amendments for cultivation.

2. Khadar:
- Khadar soil has a finer texture due to the presence of fine particles like silt and clay.
- It has better water-retaining capacity and remains moist for a longer duration.
- Khadar soil is lighter in color compared to Bhangar soil.
- It is more fertile and nutrient-rich due to the deposition of fresh sediments during floods.
- Khadar soil is generally neutral to slightly alkaline in nature, making it suitable for a wide range of crops.

Suitability for Cultivation:
1. Bhangar:
- Bhangar soil is suitable for the cultivation of crops like wheat, barley, and oilseeds.
- Its good drainage properties prevent waterlogging, making it ideal for crops that prefer well-drained soil.
- However, Bhangar soil requires proper irrigation and fertilization to maintain productivity.

2. Khadar:
- Khadar soil is highly fertile and suitable for the cultivation of paddy, sugarcane, and other water-intensive crops.
- Its water-retaining capacity ensures a continuous water supply to crops during dry spells.
- Khadar soil requires less irrigation and fertilization compared to Bhangar soil.

In conclusion, Bhangar and Khadar are two types of alluvial soils found in the Indo-Gangetic Plains. While Bhangar is older, coarser, and more acidic, Khadar is younger, finer, and more fertile. Understanding their characteristics and suitability for cultivation is essential for efficient agricultural practices in these regions.

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