The 1905 Revolution, also known as the Russian Revolution of 1905, was a significant event in Russian history that marked the first major uprising against the autocratic rule of Tsar Nicholas II. The revolution was triggered by a combination of factors, including social unrest, political discontent, and economic hardships faced by the Russian population.

**Causes of the 1905 Revolution:**
1. Socio-economic Conditions: The majority of the Russian population, particularly peasants and industrial workers, faced severe poverty and exploitation. They were subjected to harsh working conditions, low wages, and lack of basic rights.
2. Political Repression: The autocratic rule of Tsar Nicholas II limited political freedoms and repressed any form of dissent. Political parties and organizations were banned, and censorship was enforced, stifling any opposition to the government.
3. Russo-Japanese War: The Russian defeat in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) further fueled discontent among the population. The war resulted in heavy casualties, economic setbacks, and exposed the inefficiency and corruption of the government.

**Key Events and Outcomes:**
1. Bloody Sunday: On January 9, 1905, a peaceful workers' protest led by Father Georgy Gapon in St. Petersburg turned violent when the Imperial Guard opened fire on the demonstrators. This event, known as Bloody Sunday, led to widespread outrage and ignited revolutionary fervor across the country.
2. Workers' Strikes and Peasant Unrest: Following Bloody Sunday, mass strikes erupted throughout Russia, involving workers from various industries demanding better working conditions, higher wages, and political reforms. Peasants also joined the cause, seizing land and protesting against their oppressive conditions.
3. Formation of Soviets: Workers' councils, known as soviets, were established in major cities, serving as centers of revolutionary activity and coordination. These soviets played a crucial role in organizing strikes and protests, voicing the demands of the workers, and challenging the authority of the tsarist regime.
4. October Manifesto: Under mounting pressure, Tsar Nicholas II issued the October Manifesto in October 1905. This document promised civil liberties, the establishment of a legislative body (Duma), and constitutional reforms. Although it partially appeased the revolutionaries, the government later curtailed the reforms, leading to further discontent.
5. Long-Term Impact: The 1905 Revolution had a profound impact on Russian history. Despite its suppression, it laid the groundwork for the larger and more successful Russian Revolution of 1917, which ultimately led to the overthrow of the tsarist regime and the establishment of the Soviet Union.

**Conclusion:**
The 1905 Revolution was a turning point in Russian history, marking the first major challenge to the autocratic rule of Tsar Nicholas II. It brought to light the deep-seated social and political issues plaguing the country, while also serving as a precursor to the more significant events that unfolded in the years to come.

The Russian Revolution of 1905 was a wave of mass political and social unrest that spread through vast areas of the Russian Empire, some of which was directed at the government. It included worker strikes, peasant unrest, and military mutinies. It led to Constitutional Reform including the establishment of the State Duma, the multi-party system, and the Russian Constitution of 1906