According to anthropologists, the use of human language covers a wide ...
The original sentence contains the construction "from X to Y," which requires parallelism between X and Y. In this case, X is the regular noun phrase "practical communication," but Y is the gerund "establishing". (A gerund is an "-ing" form of a verb acting as a noun, such as in the sentence "Swimming is fun.") We need to find a choice that puts both X and Y in the same grammatical form. Note that the difference between "people engaged in the same task" and "people engaging in the same task" is minimal. Both forms are valid.
(A) This choice is incorrect as it repeats the original sentence.
(B) This answer choice changes X to a gerund and Y to a regular noun phrase. X and Y are still not parallel.
(C) Adding the word "the" in front of Y here doesn't change the fact that the regular noun phrase is not parallel to the gerund.
(D) This answer choice changes X to a gerund but Y to "hierarchy established," which is not parallel to X.
(E) CORRECT. This choice correctly changes Y to a regular noun phrase "the establishment of hierarchy," so that this phrase is now parallel to X, "practical communication." It is not necessary that both phrases have the article "the."
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According to anthropologists, the use of human language covers a wide ...
Anthropologists have noted that human language serves various purposes, ranging from practical communication to establishing social hierarchy. The correct option is E, which reads: "practical communication between people engaged in the same task to the establishment of hierarchy."
Explanation:
• Anthropologists: These are scholars who study human cultures, behaviors, and societies.
• Use of human language: Communication is a fundamental aspect of human life, and language is the primary tool for conveying meaning.
• Wide spectrum: The range of language use is broad and diverse, covering various aspects of human interaction.
• Practical communication: Language is used to achieve practical goals, such as coordinating tasks, exchanging information, and expressing needs.
• Same task: When people work together on a shared activity, they rely on language to coordinate their actions and achieve their goals.
• Establishing hierarchy: Language also serves to establish social order and power relations within a group. People use language to assert their authority, negotiate status, and express their identity.
• Social group: Language is a crucial element of social life, and it plays a role in shaping group dynamics, norms, and values.
In summary, option E captures the main idea of the statement, which is that human language serves a range of functions, from practical communication to social hierarchy, and that these functions are intertwined and shape human interactions.
According to anthropologists, the use of human language covers a wide ...
E
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