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The vapour pressure over the concave surface is
- a)less than the vapour pressure over the plane surface
- b)equal to the vapour pressure over the plane surface
- c)greater than the vapour pressure over the plane surface
- d)zero
- e)none of the above
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
The vapour pressure over the concave surface isa)less than the vapour ...
Explanation:
The vapour pressure over the concave surface is less than the vapour pressure over the plane surface. This phenomenon is known as the 'Raoult's law' of vapor pressure depression.
Raoult's Law:
According to Raoult's law, the vapor pressure of a solvent over a solution is directly proportional to the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution. It can be expressed as follows:
P1 = P°1 x X1
Where P1 is the vapor pressure of the solvent over the solution, P°1 is the vapor pressure of the pure solvent, and X1 is the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution.
Vapor Pressure Depression:
When a solute is added to a solvent, the vapor pressure of the solvent over the solution decreases. This is because the solute particles occupy some of the surface area of the solvent and reduce the number of solvent molecules available for evaporation. The extent of vapor pressure depression depends on the concentration of the solute in the solution.
Concave Surface:
When a liquid is present in a container with a curved surface, the liquid molecules at the curved surface experience a net inward force due to the attraction of the liquid molecules below the surface. This results in a decrease in the vapor pressure over the concave surface compared to the plane surface.
This phenomenon is known as 'curvature-induced vapor pressure depression' or 'Kelvin effect'. The extent of vapor pressure depression over the concave surface depends on the radius of curvature of the surface and the surface tension of the liquid.
Conclusion:
Hence, the vapour pressure over the concave surface is less than the vapour pressure over the plane surface due to the curvature-induced vapor pressure depression or Kelvin effect.
The vapour pressure over the concave surface is less than the vapour pressure over the plane surface. This phenomenon is known as the 'Raoult's law' of vapor pressure depression.
Raoult's Law:
According to Raoult's law, the vapor pressure of a solvent over a solution is directly proportional to the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution. It can be expressed as follows:
P1 = P°1 x X1
Where P1 is the vapor pressure of the solvent over the solution, P°1 is the vapor pressure of the pure solvent, and X1 is the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution.
Vapor Pressure Depression:
When a solute is added to a solvent, the vapor pressure of the solvent over the solution decreases. This is because the solute particles occupy some of the surface area of the solvent and reduce the number of solvent molecules available for evaporation. The extent of vapor pressure depression depends on the concentration of the solute in the solution.
Concave Surface:
When a liquid is present in a container with a curved surface, the liquid molecules at the curved surface experience a net inward force due to the attraction of the liquid molecules below the surface. This results in a decrease in the vapor pressure over the concave surface compared to the plane surface.
This phenomenon is known as 'curvature-induced vapor pressure depression' or 'Kelvin effect'. The extent of vapor pressure depression over the concave surface depends on the radius of curvature of the surface and the surface tension of the liquid.
Conclusion:
Hence, the vapour pressure over the concave surface is less than the vapour pressure over the plane surface due to the curvature-induced vapor pressure depression or Kelvin effect.
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