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Consider the following processor design characteristics. I. Register-to-register arithmetic operations only II. Fixed-length instruction format III. Hardwired control unit Which of the characteristics above are used in the design of a RISC processor?
  • a)
    I and II only
  • b)
    II and III only
  • c)
    I and III only
  • d)
    I, II and III
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Consider the following processor design characteristics. I. Register-t...
  • The RISC design philosophy generally incorporates a larger number of registers to prevent in large amounts of interactions with memory.
  • The decision of RISC processor designers to provide simple addressing modes leads to uniform length instructions, so RISC instruction is of uniform fixed length.
  • In the hardwired control unit, the control units use fixed logic circuits to interpret instructions and generate control signals from them. It is significantly faster than its counterpart but is rather inflexible. Most of the RISC processors are based on the hardwired control unit design approach.
So, all given characteristics are used in the design of a RISC processor. Option (D) is correct.
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Most Upvoted Answer
Consider the following processor design characteristics. I. Register-t...
RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) processors are designed to execute a small set of simple instructions, which enables them to perform operations quickly with a high speed. The design characteristics of a RISC processor are as follows:

I. Register-to-register arithmetic operations only:
RISC processors use a load-store architecture, which means that all data operations are performed between registers. This design characteristic eliminates the need for memory access instructions and enables faster processing.

II. Fixed-length instruction format:
The instruction format in RISC processors is fixed and of a uniform length. This design characteristic simplifies the instruction decoding process and enables faster processing.

III. Hardwired control unit:
RISC processors use a hardwired control unit to execute instructions. This design characteristic eliminates the need for microcode and enables faster processing.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D - I, II, and III are all used in the design of a RISC processor.
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A pipelined processor uses a 4-stage instruction pipeline with the following stages: instruction fetch (IF), Instruction decode (ID), Execute (EX) and Write-back (WB). The arithmetic operations as well as the load and store operations are carried out in the EX stage. The sequence of instructions corresponding to the statement X = (S - R * (P+ G))/T is given below. The values of variables P, Q, R, S and T are available in the registers R0, R1, R2, R3and R4respectively, before the execution of the instruction sequence.Q. The IF, ID and WB stages take 1 clock cycle each. The EX stage takes 1 clock cycle each for the ADD, SUB and STORE operations, and 3 clock cycles each for MUL and DIV operations. Operand forwarding from the EX stage to the ID stage is used. The number of clock cycles required to complete the sequence of instructions is

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Consider the following processor design characteristics. I. Register-to-register arithmetic operations only II. Fixed-length instruction format III. Hardwired control unit Which of the characteristics above are used in the design of a RISC processor?a)I and II onlyb)II and III onlyc)I and III onlyd)I, II and IIICorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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