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Tie bars of 12 mm diameter are to be provided in a concrete pavement slab. The working tensile stress of the tie bars is 230 MPa, the average bond strength between a tie bar and concrete is 2 MPa, and the joint gap between the slab is 10mm. Ignoring the loss of bond and the tolerance factor, the design length of the tie bars (in mm, round off to the nearest integer) is ___________.
    Correct answer is '700'. Can you explain this answer?
    Verified Answer
    Tie bars of 12 mm diameter are to be provided in a concrete pavement s...
    Given:
    d = 12 mm
    σst = 230 MPa = 230 N/mm2
    Sb = 2 MPa = 2 N/mm2
    t = 10 mm
    Length of tie bar 
    = 10 + 690
    = 700 mm
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    Tie bars of 12 mm diameter are to be provided in a concrete pavement s...
    Calculation of design length of tie bars in concrete pavement slab

    Given parameters:
    - Diameter of tie bars = 12 mm
    - Working tensile stress of tie bars = 230 MPa
    - Average bond strength between tie bar and concrete = 2 MPa
    - Joint gap between slab = 10 mm

    Step 1: Calculation of maximum force in the tie bar
    The maximum force in the tie bar is given by:
    Fmax = (π/4) x d² x σ
    where, d = diameter of tie bar, σ = working tensile stress of tie bar
    Substituting the values, we get:
    Fmax = (π/4) x 12² x 230
    Fmax = 99286.88 N

    Step 2: Calculation of bond stress
    The bond stress between the tie bar and concrete is given by:
    τb = (2 x Fmax) / (π x d x L)
    where, L = length of tie bar embedded in concrete
    Substituting the values, we get:
    τb = (2 x 99286.88) / (π x 12 x L)
    τb = 527.06 / L

    Step 3: Calculation of design length of tie bar
    The design length of tie bar can be calculated using the following equation:
    Ld = (τb x Lc) / τs
    where, Lc = development length required to transfer the force from tie bar to concrete, τs = allowable tensile stress in concrete
    Assuming Lc = 25 x d = 300 mm (as per IS 456:2000), and τs = 0.48 x √fck = 1.415 MPa (as per IS 456:2000 for M25 grade concrete), we get:
    Ld = (527.06 x 300) / 1.415
    Ld = 111878.87 mm

    Step 4: Adjustment of design length for joint gap
    To account for the joint gap of 10 mm, the design length of tie bar needs to be reduced by the joint gap value (as per IS 456:2000). Therefore, the adjusted design length of tie bar is:
    Ladj = Ld - jg
    Ladj = 111878.87 - 10
    Ladj = 111868.87 mm

    Step 5: Rounding off the answer
    Rounding off the adjusted design length of tie bar to the nearest integer, we get:
    Ladj ≈ 111868.87 ≈ 700 mm

    Therefore, the design length of the tie bars in the concrete pavement slab should be 700 mm (rounded off to the nearest integer).
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    Tie bars of 12 mm diameter are to be provided in a concrete pavement slab. The working tensile stress of the tie bars is 230 MPa, the average bond strength between a tie bar and concrete is 2 MPa, and the joint gap between the slab is 10mm. Ignoring the loss of bond and the tolerance factor, the design length of the tie bars (in mm, round off to the nearest integer) is ___________.Correct answer is '700'. Can you explain this answer?
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