Introduction:
In computer systems, memory plays a crucial role in storing and accessing data. There are various types of memory used in computers, and each has its own characteristics and purposes. One important aspect of memory is the ability to multiplex signals, which allows for efficient utilization of the available resources.

What is signal multiplexing?
Signal multiplexing is a technique used to combine multiple signals into a single channel or medium. It allows for efficient use of resources by transmitting multiple signals over a shared medium simultaneously. This technique is commonly used in communication systems to transmit multiple data streams over a single wire or frequency.

Memory types:
There are several types of memory used in computers, including DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), and EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory).

DRAM:
DRAM is a type of volatile memory that stores each bit of data in a separate capacitor within an integrated circuit. It requires periodic refreshing of the stored data to maintain its integrity. DRAM is widely used in computer systems due to its high storage capacity and relatively low cost. However, it is slower and consumes more power compared to SRAM.

Multiplexing in DRAM:
In DRAM, the signals are multiplexed using a technique called time-division multiplexing (TDM). TDM allows multiple data streams to share a common channel by dividing the channel into smaller time slots. Each data stream is allocated a specific time slot within a cycle, and the data is transmitted sequentially during its respective time slot.

Advantages of multiplexing in DRAM:
- Efficient utilization of the memory bus: By multiplexing signals, DRAM can transmit multiple data streams over a single memory bus, allowing for efficient utilization of the available bandwidth.
- Reduced pin count: Multiplexing signals reduces the number of pins required for data transmission, which can result in cost savings and simplified circuit design.
- Increased data transfer rate: By transmitting multiple data streams simultaneously, multiplexing in DRAM can increase the overall data transfer rate.

Conclusion:
In summary, signals are multiplexed in DRAM using time-division multiplexing (TDM) technique. This allows for efficient utilization of the memory bus, reduced pin count, and increased data transfer rate. DRAM is widely used in computer systems due to its high storage capacity, relatively low cost, and the ability to multiplex signals.