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Class 12 Exam  >  Class 12 Questions  >  Phosphine is obtained whena)red P is heated w... Start Learning for Free
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Phosphine is obtained when
  • a)
    red P is heated with NaOH
  • b)
    white P is heated with NaOH
  • c)
    Ca3P2 is reacted with water
  • d)
    by heating phosphorus acid
Correct answer is option 'B,C,D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Phosphine is obtained whena)red P is heated with NaOHb)white P is heat...
Phosphine (PH3) is a colorless and flammable gas with a characteristic odor. It is composed of one phosphorus atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms. Phosphine can be obtained through various methods, including the reactions mentioned in options B, C, and D.

b) White P is heated with NaOH:
When white phosphorus (P4) is heated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), it undergoes a reaction to produce phosphine gas. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

P4 + 3NaOH → PH3 + 3NaH2PO2

This reaction occurs because white phosphorus is highly reactive and can react with bases like NaOH to form phosphine gas. The reaction is exothermic and requires heating to initiate the reaction.

c) Ca3P2 is reacted with water:
Calcium phosphide (Ca3P2) is a binary compound composed of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). When Ca3P2 reacts with water (H2O), it undergoes hydrolysis to produce phosphine gas. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

Ca3P2 + 6H2O → 3Ca(OH)2 + 2PH3

In this reaction, the water molecules break down the calcium phosphide into calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and phosphine gas. The release of phosphine gas is a result of the reaction between water and the phosphorus component in Ca3P2.

d) By heating phosphorous acid:
Phosphorous acid (H3PO3) is a weak acid composed of phosphorus, hydrogen, and oxygen. When phosphorous acid is heated, it undergoes a decomposition reaction to produce phosphine gas. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

4H3PO3 → 3H3PO4 + PH3

The heat promotes the decomposition of phosphorous acid into phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and phosphine gas. The phosphine gas is released as a product of the reaction.

Overall, phosphine can be obtained through the reactions mentioned in options B, C, and D. Each of these reactions involves different starting materials and conditions to produce phosphine gas.
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Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:Microwave oven:The spectrum of electromagnetic radiation contains a part known as microwaves. These waves have frequency and energy smaller than visible light and wavelength larger than it. What is the principle of a microwave oven and how does it work ? Our objective is to cook food or warm it up. All food items such as fruit, vegetables, meat, cereals, etc., contain water as a constituent. Now, what does it mean when we say that a certain object has become warmer? When the temperature of a body rises, the energy of the random motion of atoms and molecules increases and the molecules travel or vibrate or rotate with higher energies. The frequency of rotation of water molecules is about 2.45 gigahertz (GHz). If water receives microwaves of this frequency, its molecules absorb this radiation, which is equivalent to heating up water. These molecules share this energy with neighbouring food molecules, heating up the food. One should use porcelain vessels and non metal containers in a microwave oven because of the danger of getting a shock from accumulated electric charges. Metals may also melt from heating. The porcelain container remains unaffected and cool, because its large molecules vibrate and rotate with much smaller frequencies, and thus cannot absorb microwaves. Hence, they do not get eaten up. Thus, the basic principle of a microwave oven is to generate microwave radiation of appropriate frequency in the working space of the oven where we keep food. This way energy is not wasted in heating up the vessel. In the conventional heating method, the vessel on the burner gets heated first and then the food inside gets heated because of transfer of energy from the vessel. In the microwave oven, on the other hand, energy is directly delivered to water molecules which are shared by the entire food.Q. Why should one use porcelain vessels and non- metal containers in a microwave oven ?

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:Microwave oven:The spectrum of electromagnetic radiation contains a part known as microwaves. These waves have frequency and energy smaller than visible light and wavelength larger than it. What is the principle of a microwave oven and how does it work ? Our objective is to cook food or warm it up. All food items such as fruit, vegetables, meat, cereals, etc., contain water as a constituent. Now, what does it mean when we say that a certain object has become warmer? When the temperature of a body rises, the energy of the random motion of atoms and molecules increases and the molecules travel or vibrate or rotate with higher energies. The frequency of rotation of water molecules is about 2.45 gigahertz (GHz). If water receives microwaves of this frequency, its molecules absorb this radiation, which is equivalent to heating up water. These molecules share this energy with neighbouring food molecules, heating up the food. One should use porcelain vessels and non metal containers in a microwave oven because of the danger of getting a shock from accumulated electric charges. Metals may also melt from heating. The porcelain container remains unaffected and cool, because its large molecules vibrate and rotate with much smaller frequencies, and thus cannot absorb microwaves. Hence, they do not get eaten up. Thus, the basic principle of a microwave oven is to generate microwave radiation of appropriate frequency in the working space of the oven where we keep food. This way energy is not wasted in heating up the vessel. In the conventional heating method, the vessel on the burner gets heated first and then the food inside gets heated because of transfer of energy from the vessel. In the microwave oven, on the other hand, energy is directly delivered to water molecules which are shared by the entire food.Q. In the microwave oven,

Phosphine is obtained whena)red P is heated with NaOHb)white P is heated with NaOHc)Ca3P2 is reacted with waterd)by heating phosphorus acidCorrect answer is option 'B,C,D'. Can you explain this answer?
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