Statement-1 : p-Hydroxybenzoic acid has a lower boiling point than o-hydroxybenzoic acid.Statement-2 : o-Hydroxybenzoic acid has intramolecular hydrogen bonding.a)Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 isTrue; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1b)Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1c)Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is Falsed)Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Statement-1: p-Hydroxybenzoic acid has a lower boiling point than o-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Statement-2: o-Hydroxybenzoic acid has intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

To understand the relationship between the two statements, let's first examine each statement individually.

Statement-1: p-Hydroxybenzoic acid has a lower boiling point than o-hydroxybenzoic acid.
The boiling point of a compound is determined by the strength of intermolecular forces present in the compound. These intermolecular forces include hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces.

The position of the hydroxyl group (-OH) in the benzene ring affects the intermolecular forces and, therefore, the boiling point of the compound. In p-hydroxybenzoic acid, the hydroxyl group is positioned opposite to the carboxyl group (-COOH) on the benzene ring. This orientation allows for the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between adjacent molecules.

In o-hydroxybenzoic acid, the hydroxyl group is positioned adjacent to the carboxyl group on the benzene ring. This arrangement restricts the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds, as the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups are too close to each other to form strong hydrogen bonds. Instead, the compound primarily experiences dipole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces.

Since intermolecular hydrogen bonding is stronger than dipole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces, p-hydroxybenzoic acid has stronger intermolecular forces and therefore a higher boiling point compared to o-hydroxybenzoic acid.

Statement-2: o-Hydroxybenzoic acid has intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
Intramolecular hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen bond forms within the same molecule. In o-hydroxybenzoic acid, the hydroxyl group can form an intramolecular hydrogen bond with the carbonyl group (C=O) within the carboxyl group. This intramolecular hydrogen bonding strengthens the molecule internally but does not significantly affect the boiling point of the compound.

Explanation:

Based on the explanations above, we can conclude that Statement-1 is True. p-Hydroxybenzoic acid does have a lower boiling point than o-hydroxybenzoic acid.

However, Statement-2 is False. o-Hydroxybenzoic acid does not have intramolecular hydrogen bonding; it has intermolecular hydrogen bonding.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D: Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True.

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