Answer:

In the construction of a capacitor, the selection of the dielectric material is crucial as it determines the overall performance of the capacitor. Dielectric materials are used to separate the conductive plates of a capacitor and prevent direct electrical contact between them. The dielectric material affects various characteristics of the capacitor, including capacitance, breakdown voltage, and energy storage capability.

1. High Permittivity:
Choosing a dielectric material with a high permittivity (also known as relative permittivity or dielectric constant) is preferable for making a capacitor. Permittivity is a measure of a material's ability to store electrical energy in an electric field. It indicates the extent to which the electric field is affected by the presence of the dielectric material.

2. Increased Capacitance:
By selecting a dielectric material with high permittivity, the capacitance of the capacitor can be increased. This is because the capacitance of a capacitor is directly proportional to the permittivity of the dielectric material. Higher permittivity allows for more electric flux to be stored, resulting in a higher capacitance value.

3. Smaller Physical Size:
Using a dielectric material with high permittivity enables the construction of capacitors with smaller physical dimensions while maintaining the desired capacitance. This is advantageous in applications where space is limited and compactness is important.

4. Energy Storage:
Dielectric materials with high permittivity can store more energy per unit volume compared to materials with lower permittivity. This is beneficial when designing capacitors for applications that require high energy storage capability.

5. Breakdown Voltage:
One important consideration when selecting a dielectric material is its breakdown voltage. This is the voltage at which the dielectric material fails and allows current to flow through it. Dielectric materials with high permittivity tend to have higher breakdown voltages, providing better insulation and protection against electrical breakdown.

Conclusion:
In summary, choosing a dielectric material with high permittivity is preferred for making capacitors due to its ability to increase capacitance, reduce physical size, enhance energy storage, and provide higher breakdown voltages. These characteristics make capacitors more efficient, reliable, and suitable for various electrical and electronic applications.