Apply the formula ....rate of diffusion is directly proportional to no of mole and inversly proportional to mol. wt ...

Diffusion of Gases

In order to determine the amount of hydrogen that would have diffused under identical conditions as 4g of oxygen, we need to understand the concept of diffusion and the factors that influence it.

Diffusion
Diffusion is the process by which particles move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. It occurs due to the random motion of particles.

Factors Affecting Diffusion
Several factors influence the rate of diffusion, including:
1. Temperature: Higher temperatures increase the kinetic energy of particles, leading to faster diffusion.
2. Molecular weight: Lighter molecules diffuse faster than heavier ones.
3. Concentration gradient: A larger difference in concentration between two areas leads to faster diffusion.
4. Surface area: A larger surface area allows for more contact between particles, enhancing diffusion.
5. Distance: A shorter distance for diffusion results in a faster rate.

Calculating the Amount of Hydrogen Diffused
To calculate the amount of hydrogen that would have diffused under identical conditions, we need to consider the molar masses of both oxygen and hydrogen.

The molar mass of oxygen (O2) is 32 g/mol, while the molar mass of hydrogen (H2) is 2 g/mol.

Using the Formula:
The formula for calculating the amount of substance (in moles) is:
Amount (in moles) = Mass (in grams) / Molar mass (in g/mol)

Calculating the Moles of Oxygen:
Given that 4g of oxygen have diffused, we can calculate the moles of oxygen as follows:
Moles of oxygen = 4g / 32 g/mol = 0.125 mol

Calculating the Moles of Hydrogen:
To determine the amount of hydrogen that would have diffused under identical conditions, we need to use the molar ratio between oxygen and hydrogen. According to the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between oxygen and hydrogen:
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of oxygen reacts with 2 moles of hydrogen to produce 2 moles of water.

Since the ratio of oxygen to hydrogen is 1:2, the moles of hydrogen would be twice the moles of oxygen:
Moles of hydrogen = 2 × 0.125 mol = 0.25 mol

Conclusion:
Therefore, under identical conditions, if 4g of oxygen diffuses through a very narrow hole, 0.25 moles of hydrogen would have diffused.