**Farmers**

Farmers are individuals who own and operate their own farms. They are responsible for making decisions regarding the cultivation and management of crops and livestock on their land. Farmers typically have a deep understanding of agricultural practices and possess the necessary skills and knowledge to manage all aspects of their farm.

**Responsibilities and Roles of Farmers:**

1. **Land Ownership and Management**: Farmers own the land they cultivate and are responsible for its maintenance and proper utilization. They need to ensure that the soil is fertile, implement irrigation systems, and manage the overall agricultural infrastructure.

2. **Crop and Livestock Selection**: Farmers decide which crops and livestock to raise based on various factors such as climate conditions, market demand, and personal expertise. They select the appropriate seeds, employ suitable farming techniques, and monitor the growth and health of their crops and animals.

3. **Crop Rotation and Soil Management**: Farmers practice crop rotation to maintain soil fertility and prevent the depletion of nutrients. They employ techniques like cover cropping, organic fertilization, and effective pest and weed control to ensure healthy and sustainable farming practices.

4. **Marketing and Sales**: Farmers are responsible for marketing their agricultural products. They may sell directly to consumers through farm stands or participate in farmers' markets. They may also collaborate with wholesalers or retailers to distribute their products on a larger scale.

5. **Financial Management**: Farmers must handle financial aspects such as budgeting, record-keeping, and managing expenses. They need to make informed decisions about investments, equipment purchases, and the overall profitability of their farm.

**Farm Labourers**

Farm labourers, on the other hand, are workers who are employed by farmers to assist with various farming tasks. They are typically hired on a seasonal or temporary basis and do not own or manage the land they work on. Farm labourers are essential in executing the day-to-day operations of the farm.

**Responsibilities and Roles of Farm Labourers:**

1. **Fieldwork and Crop Maintenance**: Farm labourers perform physical tasks such as planting, weeding, watering, and harvesting crops. They ensure that the fields are well-maintained and free from pests and diseases.

2. **Livestock Care**: Farm labourers assist in the care and management of livestock. This may involve feeding animals, cleaning their living spaces, assisting with breeding, and providing general animal husbandry support.

3. **Machinery Operation**: Some farm labourers are trained to operate agricultural machinery and equipment. They may be responsible for tasks such as plowing, tilling, and irrigation.

4. **General Maintenance**: Farm labourers help maintain the farm infrastructure and equipment. This includes repairing fences, buildings, and machinery, as well as ensuring that all tools and equipment are in good working condition.

5. **Assisting Farmers**: Farm labourers work under the supervision of farmers and assist them in various tasks. They may help with decision-making, follow instructions, and provide support in executing the farmers' plans.

Overall, while farmers own and manage their farms, making strategic decisions and overseeing all aspects of agricultural production, farm labourers play a crucial role in executing the day-to-day operations and providing the necessary manpower to ensure the success of the farm. Their responsibilities and roles complement each other, contributing to the overall functioning and productivity of the agricultural sector.

What does you mean by monarchy?