Battle of Plassey:
The Battle of Plassey was a significant event in Indian history that took place on June 23, 1757. It was fought between the British East India Company and the forces of Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal. The battle marked a turning point in the British colonial rule in India and paved the way for their subsequent dominance.

Leadership of Robert Clive:
The correct answer is option 'A', Robert Clive. He was a British military officer and statesman who played a crucial role in the Battle of Plassey. Clive was the commander of the British forces during the battle and successfully led them to victory.

Role and Contributions of Robert Clive:
1. Planning and Strategy: Robert Clive devised a clever strategy to defeat the larger and more powerful army of Siraj-ud-Daulah. He formed alliances with local Indian rulers who were disenchanted with the Nawab's rule and convinced them to join his cause.

2. Diplomacy: Clive used his diplomatic skills to exploit the internal conflicts within the Nawab's court. He established contact with Mir Jafar, a dissatisfied general in Siraj-ud-Daulah's army, and promised him the throne if he supported the British.

3. Military Tactics: Clive implemented effective military tactics during the battle. He positioned his troops strategically and utilized the superior firepower of the British forces to gain an advantage over the enemy. The British artillery played a crucial role in the outcome of the battle.

4. Psychological Warfare: Clive also employed psychological warfare tactics to weaken the morale of Siraj-ud-Daulah's forces. He spread rumors and misinformation to create confusion and fear among the enemy ranks.

5. Leadership and Decision-making: Clive's leadership skills were instrumental in guiding his troops to victory. He remained calm and composed even in the face of adversity, making critical decisions that ultimately led to the British triumph.

Outcome and Significance:
The Battle of Plassey resulted in a decisive victory for the British East India Company. Siraj-ud-Daulah was defeated, and Mir Jafar was installed as the new Nawab of Bengal, who became a puppet ruler under British control.

The battle marked the beginning of British colonial rule in India. It allowed the British East India Company to establish a strong foothold in Bengal and expand their influence across the subcontinent. The victory at Plassey gave the British a significant advantage in their subsequent conquests and laid the foundation for their eventual control over the entire Indian subcontinent.