Write a short note on kharif crops?

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•...The word ‘ kharif' is derived from the Arabic language meaning ‘ autumn’ . These are the crops which are cultivated between April to October. They are named so on the season when they are harvested not on sowing time.

•...Some of the examples are : The kharif crops include rice, maize,sorghum, pearl millet/bajra, finger millet ragi (cereals), arhar (pulses),soyabean, groundnut(oilseeds), cotton etc. The rabi crops include wheat,barley, oats (cereals),chick pea, lentil (pulses), linseed, mustard (oilseeds).

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KHARIF CROPS  -  The crops which are sown in the rainy season are called kharif crops. the rainy season in india is generally from June to september. Paddy, maize, soyabean groundnuts, cotton etc..,  are kharif crops. *

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Kharif crops, monsoon crops or autumn crops are domesticated plants like rice that are cultivated and harvested in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh during the Indian subcontinent's monsoon season, which lasts from June to November depending on the area__
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Monsoon rains may begin as early as May in some parts of the Indian subcontinent, and crops are generally harvested from 3 rd Week of September to October, again depending upon the region and the crops. Rice, maize and cotton are major kharif crops in India.___

The kharif seasoni varies by crop and region, starting at the earliest in May and ending at the latest in January. In India the season is popularly considered to start in June and to end in October.Kharif crops are usually sown with the beginning of the first rains during the advent of the south-west monsoon season, and they are harvested at the end of monsoon season (October-November).

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Kharif crops- The crops which are sown in the rainy season are called kharif crops. The rainy season in India is generally from June to September. Example- paddy, maize.

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Kharif Crops

Kharif crops, also known as monsoon crops, are a type of crops that are sown and harvested during the rainy season in India. These crops are cultivated from June to September and are dependent on the southwest monsoon for their growth and development. Kharif crops play a significant role in the agricultural economy of India and contribute to the overall food production of the country. Let's delve into the details of kharif crops and their importance.

Types of Kharif Crops

Kharif crops include a wide range of crops that are suited to the warm and wet climate of the monsoon season. Some of the major kharif crops grown in India are:

1. Rice: Rice is the most important kharif crop and is grown extensively in states like West Bengal, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh. It requires abundant water for its growth and is mainly cultivated in low-lying areas.

2. Maize: Maize is another significant kharif crop that is grown all over India. It is used as both animal feed and for human consumption. Maize cultivation is popular in states like Karnataka, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh.

3. Millets: Millets such as jowar, bajra, and ragi are also important kharif crops. These crops are known for their drought resistance and are primarily cultivated in rainfed areas. Jowar is grown in Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh, while bajra is grown in Rajasthan and Gujarat.

4. Pulses: Pulses like pigeon pea (tur), black gram (urad), and green gram (moong) are grown during the kharif season. These crops are a rich source of protein and are cultivated in states like Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh.

5. Cotton: Cotton is a cash crop grown extensively during the kharif season. It is cultivated for its fiber, which is used in the textile industry. Cotton cultivation is prominent in states like Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh.

Importance of Kharif Crops

Kharif crops hold immense significance for Indian agriculture due to the following reasons:

1. Food Security: Kharif crops contribute significantly to the food security of the country. They provide a steady supply of grains, pulses, and other essential food items.

2. Economic Growth: Kharif crops are crucial for the rural economy as they provide employment opportunities to a large number of people. They also contribute to the overall economic growth of the country through exports.

3. Crop Rotation: Kharif crops play a vital role in crop rotation, which helps in maintaining soil fertility and reducing pest and disease incidence. They also help in breaking the pest and disease cycles associated with rabi crops.

4. Diversification: Kharif crops provide a diverse range of agricultural products, ensuring a balanced diet for the population. They include cereals, pulses, oilseeds, and fibers, catering to the various nutritional and industrial needs.

In conclusion, kharif crops are an integral part of Indian agriculture. They not only provide sustenance and livelihood to millions of people but also contribute to the overall development of the agricultural sector. Therefore, proper planning and management of kharif crops are essential to ensure food security and economic prosperity in the country.

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