Difference between Average Rate of Reaction and Instantaneous Rate of Reaction:

Average Rate of Reaction:
Average rate of reaction is defined as the change in concentration of any one of the reactants or products per unit time, divided by the stoichiometric coefficient of that substance. It is the average value of the rate of reaction over a specific time interval. The formula for the average rate of reaction is given as follows:

Average Rate of Reaction = (Change in Concentration of Reactant or Product) / (Time Interval)

Instantaneous Rate of Reaction:
Instantaneous rate of reaction is defined as the rate of reaction at any particular time during the reaction. It is the rate at which the reaction is proceeding at a specific moment in time. The formula for the instantaneous rate of reaction is given by the rate law of the chemical reaction.

Instantaneous Rate of Reaction = k[A]^m[B]^n

Here, k is the rate constant, [A] and [B] are the concentrations of the reactants, and m and n are the orders of the reaction with respect to A and B, respectively.

Difference between Average Rate of Reaction and Instantaneous Rate of Reaction:

The main differences between average rate of reaction and instantaneous rate of reaction are as follows:

- Average rate of reaction is the rate of reaction over a specific time period, whereas instantaneous rate of reaction is the rate of reaction at a specific moment in time.
- Average rate of reaction is the change in concentration of reactants or products over a specific time interval, whereas instantaneous rate of reaction is the rate at which the reaction is proceeding at a specific moment in time.
- Average rate of reaction is calculated by dividing the change in concentration of reactants or products by the time interval, whereas instantaneous rate of reaction is calculated using the rate law of the chemical reaction.
- Average rate of reaction gives an overall idea of how fast the reaction is proceeding, whereas instantaneous rate of reaction gives information about the reaction at a particular moment in time.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the rate of a reaction can be determined using both average rate of reaction and instantaneous rate of reaction. While average rate of reaction gives an overall idea of how fast the reaction is proceeding, instantaneous rate of reaction gives information about the reaction at a particular moment in time. Both are important concepts in the study of chemical kinetics.