Lantana camara and Prosopis juliflora are examples of invasive species in India. Invasive species are non-native organisms that are introduced into an ecosystem and have the potential to cause harm to the environment, economy, or human health. They often have a high reproductive rate, aggressive growth, and a lack of natural predators or competitors in their new environment, allowing them to rapidly spread and outcompete native species.

Explanation:
1. Invasive species: Lantana camara and Prosopis juliflora are both considered invasive species in India. Lantana camara, also known as the "lantana weed," is a shrub native to Central and South America. It was introduced to India as an ornamental plant but has since spread and become a major problem in many natural habitats, including grasslands and forests. It forms dense thickets, outcompetes native plants, and reduces biodiversity.

2. Prosopis juliflora, commonly known as "mesquite," is a thorny shrub or small tree native to Central and South America. It was introduced to India as a windbreak and for its nitrogen-fixing properties. However, it has become highly invasive in arid and semi-arid regions, such as Rajasthan, Gujarat, and parts of Maharashtra. It displaces native vegetation, degrades grazing lands, and negatively impacts local ecosystems.

3. Impact: Both Lantana camara and Prosopis juliflora have had significant ecological and economic impacts in India. They can outcompete native plants for resources such as water, sunlight, and nutrients, leading to a decline in native plant species diversity. This, in turn, can negatively affect other organisms, including insects, birds, and mammals, that rely on native plants for food and habitat. In addition, these invasive species can alter ecosystem processes, such as fire regimes and nutrient cycling.

4. Control measures: Efforts are being made to control and manage these invasive species in India. This includes mechanical and manual removal, chemical control using herbicides, biological control using natural enemies (such as insects or pathogens) that specifically target the invasives, and restoration of native vegetation. However, these control measures can be challenging and require long-term commitment and collaboration among various stakeholders.

In conclusion, Lantana camara and Prosopis juliflora are examples of invasive species in India that have had significant negative impacts on native ecosystems. Efforts are ongoing to control and manage these invasives and restore the balance of native biodiversity.