The chemical effect of electric current refers to the phenomenon where the flow of electric current through a conducting solution causes chemical reactions to occur. This effect is commonly observed in electrolytic cells, where the decomposition of compounds occurs due to the passage of an electric current. The chemical effect of electric current is an important concept in science and finds numerous applications in various fields.

Electrolysis:
One of the most significant applications of the chemical effect of electric current is electrolysis. In this process, an electric current is passed through an electrolyte, which is a solution containing ions. The positive ions, called cations, migrate towards the negative electrode (cathode), while the negative ions, called anions, migrate towards the positive electrode (anode). At the electrodes, the ions undergo chemical reactions, leading to the formation of new substances.

Electroplating:
Another important application of the chemical effect of electric current is electroplating. It is a process where a metal object is coated with a layer of another metal by electrolysis. The object to be plated is made the cathode, and a metal salt solution is used as the electrolyte. When an electric current is passed through the electrolyte, metal ions from the solution are reduced at the cathode, forming a layer of metal on the object.

Electrorefining:
Electrorefining is a process used to purify metals. It involves passing an electric current through an impure metal as the anode and a pure metal as the cathode. The impure metal gradually dissolves into the electrolyte, while the pure metal is deposited on the cathode. This process helps in removing impurities and obtaining high-purity metals.

Electrochemical cells:
The chemical effect of electric current is also utilized in electrochemical cells, such as batteries and fuel cells. In these cells, chemical reactions occur to produce and store electrical energy. The flow of electrons generated by the chemical reactions enables the cell to provide a continuous supply of electric current.

Corrosion:
While the chemical effect of electric current is often used for beneficial purposes, it can also lead to undesirable effects, such as corrosion. Corrosion occurs when metals react with substances in their environment, resulting in the deterioration of their properties. The presence of an electric current can accelerate the corrosion process, causing significant damage to structures and equipment.

In summary, the chemical effect of electric current involves the use of electric current to induce chemical reactions. It has various applications in electrolysis, electroplating, electrorefining, electrochemical cells, and also plays a role in corrosion. Understanding this phenomenon is vital for exploring new technologies, improving existing processes, and developing sustainable solutions.

The occurence of chemical reactionwith the help of electricity(by passingelectricity through the solution) is known as chemical effect of electric current. it is mainly used for decomposition of compounds or for electroplating any object.