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Protein synthesis rates in prokaryotes are limited by the rate of mRNA synthesis. If RNA synthesis occurs at the rate of 50 nucleotides/sec, then rate of protein synthesis occurs at ________ amino acids/sec.
Correct answer is '16'. Can you explain this answer?
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Protein synthesis rates in prokaryotes are limited by the rate of mRNA...
If the nucleotide is synthesized at a rate of 50 nucleotides per second, then the number of codons would be 50/3. This corresponds to 16 codons and 2 nucleotides. Hence, a peptide of 16 amino acids would form in one sec. Thus, the rate at which protein is synthesized would be 16 amino acids/sec
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Protein synthesis rates in prokaryotes are limited by the rate of mRNA...
Protein Synthesis in Prokaryotes
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They have a single circular chromosome that contains all the genetic information needed to carry out cellular processes, including protein synthesis.
Protein synthesis is the process by which cells build proteins from amino acid building blocks. This process involves two main steps: transcription and translation.
Transcription is the process by which DNA is copied into RNA molecules. RNA molecules serve as templates for protein synthesis.
Translation is the process by which RNA templates are used to build proteins. This process occurs on ribosomes, which are complex molecular machines that read RNA templates and link amino acids together to form proteins.
Limitations of Protein Synthesis Rates in Prokaryotes
The rate of protein synthesis in prokaryotes can be limited by several factors, including the rate of mRNA synthesis. mRNA molecules serve as templates for protein synthesis, so the rate at which they are produced can limit the rate of protein synthesis.
If RNA synthesis occurs at a rate of 50 nucleotides per second, then the rate of protein synthesis would be limited to the rate at which amino acids can be added to the growing protein chain. Each amino acid is coded for by a sequence of three nucleotides called a codon. Therefore, the rate of protein synthesis would be:
50 nucleotides/sec ÷ 3 nucleotides/codon = 16.7 amino acids/sec ≈ 16 amino acids/sec
Therefore, the answer to the question is 16 amino acids per second.
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They have a single circular chromosome that contains all the genetic information needed to carry out cellular processes, including protein synthesis.
Protein synthesis is the process by which cells build proteins from amino acid building blocks. This process involves two main steps: transcription and translation.
Transcription is the process by which DNA is copied into RNA molecules. RNA molecules serve as templates for protein synthesis.
Translation is the process by which RNA templates are used to build proteins. This process occurs on ribosomes, which are complex molecular machines that read RNA templates and link amino acids together to form proteins.
Limitations of Protein Synthesis Rates in Prokaryotes
The rate of protein synthesis in prokaryotes can be limited by several factors, including the rate of mRNA synthesis. mRNA molecules serve as templates for protein synthesis, so the rate at which they are produced can limit the rate of protein synthesis.
If RNA synthesis occurs at a rate of 50 nucleotides per second, then the rate of protein synthesis would be limited to the rate at which amino acids can be added to the growing protein chain. Each amino acid is coded for by a sequence of three nucleotides called a codon. Therefore, the rate of protein synthesis would be:
50 nucleotides/sec ÷ 3 nucleotides/codon = 16.7 amino acids/sec ≈ 16 amino acids/sec
Therefore, the answer to the question is 16 amino acids per second.
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Protein synthesis rates in prokaryotes are limited by the rate of mRNA synthesis. If RNA synthesis occurs at the rate of 50 nucleotides/sec, then rate of protein synthesis occurs at ________ amino acids/sec.Correct answer is '16'. Can you explain this answer?
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