**Explanation:**

Nationalism refers to the sense of belonging and loyalty towards one's nation. It is an ideology that promotes the idea of a nation as a political and cultural unit. However, the development of nationalism can be hindered by various factors, and one such hindrance is communalism.

**1. Definition of communalism:**
Communalism refers to the strong attachment and loyalty towards one's religious, ethnic, or social group, often at the expense of national unity. It emphasizes the interests and identity of a particular community over the collective identity of the nation. Communalism can lead to division, conflict, and a lack of shared values that are essential for the development of nationalism.

**2. Divisiveness and Conflict:**
Communalism often leads to divisiveness and conflict within a society. When individuals prioritize their religious or ethnic identity over their national identity, it can create divisions and tensions among different communities. This can lead to communal violence, discrimination, and a lack of trust and cooperation among different groups, hindering the development of nationalism.

**3. Fragmentation of National Identity:**
Communalism can also lead to the fragmentation of national identity. Instead of identifying themselves as citizens of a nation, individuals may primarily identify themselves with their religious or ethnic group. This fragmentation of identity weakens the sense of national unity and hinders the development of a shared national identity.

**4. Undermining the Idea of a Nation:**
Communalism undermines the idea of a nation as a cohesive and inclusive entity. It promotes a narrow and exclusive form of identity that can exclude individuals from different religious or ethnic backgrounds. This undermines the concept of a nation as a diverse and inclusive community, hindering the development of nationalism.

**5. Hindrance to Emotional Integration:**
Emotional integration is an important aspect of nationalism. It involves a sense of pride, loyalty, and attachment towards one's nation. However, communalism can hinder emotional integration by promoting divisive and exclusive identities. When individuals prioritize their communal identities, it becomes difficult to foster a sense of emotional integration among citizens, thereby hindering the development of nationalism.

In conclusion, communalism acts as a hindrance in the development of nationalism due to its divisive nature, the fragmentation of national identity, undermining the idea of a nation, and hindering emotional integration. It is important to address communal tensions and promote inclusive and shared national values in order to foster the development of nationalism.

B