Solution:

Introduction:
India, being a diverse country with various social divisions and inequalities, has adopted several measures to minimize and eliminate entrenched forms of social inequalities. One of the prominent measures is the policy of quotas in education and jobs, which is aimed at providing opportunities and representation to disadvantaged communities.

Explanation:
Policy of quotas in education and jobs:
- The policy of quotas, also known as reservation, is a system where a certain percentage of seats or positions are reserved for socially and educationally disadvantaged communities.
- The reservations are implemented in educational institutions and government jobs to ensure representation and opportunities for historically marginalized groups such as Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), and Other Backward Classes (OBC).
- This policy was implemented to address the historical social discrimination and exclusion faced by these communities, and to empower them by providing equal access to education and employment opportunities.
- The reservation policy is based on the principle of affirmative action, aiming to bridge the gap between privileged and disadvantaged sections of society.
- The reservation policy in education ensures that a certain percentage of seats are reserved for students from disadvantaged communities in schools, colleges, and universities.
- Similarly, in government jobs, a certain percentage of seats are reserved for candidates from these communities in order to provide them with employment opportunities and representation in the public sector.
- This policy has been instrumental in increasing the social and economic mobility of disadvantaged communities by providing them with access to education and job opportunities.
- However, it is important to note that the reservation policy has also been a topic of debate and criticism, with concerns raised about its potential impact on meritocracy and equal opportunities for other sections of society.

Conclusion:
The policy of quotas in education and jobs is being adopted in India to minimize and eliminate entrenched forms of social inequalities. This policy aims to address historical discrimination and exclusion faced by disadvantaged communities by providing them with equal access to education and employment opportunities. While the reservation policy has been effective in empowering these communities, it has also been a subject of debate and criticism. Nonetheless, it remains an important measure in the ongoing efforts to achieve social equality and justice in India.