Explanation:Indian agriculture has been of subsistence nature, which can be explained by the following points:1. Focus on meeting basic needs:- The primary objective of Indian agriculture has been to produce enough food to meet the needs of its large population.- Farmers grow crops mainly for their own consumption, and any surplus is sold in the market.2. Small and fragmented landholdings:- The majority of Indian farmers have small and fragmented landholdings, which makes it difficult to adopt modern and commercial farming techniques.- This results in low productivity and farmers mainly focus on producing enough to feed their families.3. Dependence on monsoons:- Indian agriculture is heavily dependent on monsoons, as a large percentage of the cultivated land is rainfed.- This makes agriculture vulnerable to the uncertainties of rainfall, leading to crop failures and low productivity.4. Limited use of modern technology:- Due to financial constraints and lack of awareness, many Indian farmers are still using traditional methods of farming.- The limited use of modern technology and agricultural practices contributes to the subsistence nature of Indian agriculture.5. Low level of commercialization:- The majority of Indian farmers are engaged in subsistence agriculture and produce mainly food crops.- The level of commercialization is low, with cash crops like cotton, jute, and sugarcane being produced on a relatively small scale.In conclusion, the Indian agriculture sector has been predominantly subsistence in nature due to its focus on meeting basic needs, small landholdings, dependence on monsoons, and limited use of modern technology. However, efforts are being made to transform Indian agriculture into a more modern and commercial sector through various government initiatives and the adoption of new technologies.