Nutrition in Plants - Chapter Notes

Introduction
Plants obtain nutrients from the soil and air to carry out various physiological functions. The process of obtaining and utilizing these nutrients is known as nutrition in plants.

Types of Nutrition
- Autotrophic nutrition: Plants are autotrophs, meaning they can synthesize their own food through the process of photosynthesis.
- Heterotrophic nutrition: Some plants are parasitic or saprophytic and obtain nutrients from other organisms.

Photosynthesis
- Plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen through photosynthesis.
- Chlorophyll, present in the chloroplasts of plant cells, is responsible for capturing sunlight.

Mineral Nutrition
- Plants also require minerals like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and iron for growth and development.
- These minerals are absorbed from the soil through the roots and transported to different parts of the plant.

Role of Roots
- Roots help in anchoring the plant and absorbing water and minerals from the soil.
- They have specialized structures like root hairs to increase the surface area for absorption.

Transport of Water and Minerals
- Water and minerals are transported through the xylem vessels from the roots to the leaves.
- This process is essential for maintaining turgidity and facilitating photosynthesis.

Conclusion
Understanding the process of nutrition in plants is crucial for ensuring their healthy growth and productivity. By providing the necessary nutrients and care, we can help plants thrive and contribute to a greener environment.