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Directions: The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.
The legal system in India is established on the platform of innocent till proven guilty. An unlawful arrest of an individual can be a violation of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution that states that no human shall be denied of his right to life and personal liberty except if established by law, which means that the process must be fair, clear and not arbitrarily or oppressive.
Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that no police official can arrest any individual without informing the accused the reason/ground of his detainment/arrest. Section 50 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) says that every police official with authority to arrest someone without a warrant must inform the person getting arrested about the crime for which he is arrested and other relevant grounds for the arrest. This is the duty of the police official which he cannot refuse. Section 50A of the CrPC makes it compulsory for the person/police official arresting a person to inform of the arrest to any of his relatives or even friends who may have interest in the same.
Article 22(2) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that the police official making an arrest must produce the arrested person before the Magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest; failing to do so would make him liable for wrongful detention. Section 50(2) of the CrPC provides that the arrested person has the right to get released on bail by making arrangement for the sureties or just inform him of his right when arrested without a warrant for an offence other than a non-cognisable offence.
The right to keep quiet does not have any mention in any Indian law; however, its authority can be derived from the CrPC as well as the Indian Evidence Act. The right to stay silent is principally related to the statement and confession made by the accused person in the court. In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the Magistrate to perceive if any statement or confession made by the accused person was voluntarily or was after the use of force and manipulation. Therefore, police or any other authority for that matter is not allowed to compel an accused person to speak anything in the court.
Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge where the name and designation of the police official is clearly mentioned. Section 41D entitles an arrested person to a right to have one friend or relative or any other person who he wants by his side during his arrest.
Q. A police official was disguised undercover, without any police identifications, so as to be hidden for the purpose of making an arrest. While making the arrest, the accused was informed of the grounds for arrest. Is the arrest valid?
  • a)
    Yes, since the accused was informed of the grounds as required by law.
  • b)
    Yes, since the arrest was made without a warrant.
  • c)
    No, since the arrest was made without a warrant.
  • d)
    No, as the police was in civilian clothes only.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Directions:The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or fa...
Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge.
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Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.It has been repeatedly held that the PMLA (Prevention of Money Laundering Act) is a sui generis legislation, enacted to tackle money laundering through white-collar crimes. According to Section 3 of the PMLA, the act of projecting or claiming proceeds of crime to be untainted property constitutes the offense of money laundering. Under the Schedule to the PMLA, a number of offenses under the Indian Penal Code and other special statutes have been included, which serve as the basis for the offense of money laundering. In other words, the existence of predicate offense is sine qua non to charge someone with money laundering. It is crucial to note that the investigation and prosecution of the predicate offense are done typically by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) or the State Police.Section 50 of the PMLA provides powers of a civil court to the ED authorities for summoning persons suspected of money laundering and recording statements. However, the Supreme Court held that ED authorities are not police officers. It observed in Vijay Madanlal Choudhary v. Union of India (2022) that “the process envisaged by Section 50 of the PMLA is in the nature of an inquiry against the proceeds of crime and is not ‘investigation’ in strict sense of the term for initiating prosecution.” There are other dissimilarities between ED authorities and the police. While the police are required to register a First Information Report (FIR) for a cognizable offense before conducting an investigation, ED authorities begin with search procedures and undertake their investigation for the purpose of gathering materials and tracing the ‘proceeds of crime’ by issuing summons. Any statement made by an accused to the police is inadmissible as evidence in court, whereas a statement made to an ED authority is admissible. A copy of the FIR is accessible to the accused, whereas the Enforcement Case Information Report is seldom available.While the police investigating the predicate offense are empowered to arrest and seek custody of the accused, the ED is meant to focus on recovering the proceeds of crime in order to redistribute the same to victims. It is not clear whether the ED has managed to do this. Per contra, the Proceeds of Crime Act, 2002, the analogous legislation in the U.K., almost entirely concentrates on the confiscation of assets through dedicated civil proceedings. Unfortunately, of late, much of the ED’s powers have been discharged in effecting pretrial arrests, which used to be the prerogative of the police investigating the predicate offence. In the past, the CBI was used to impart fear among political opponents. In the process, the agency received the condemnation of various courts and earned the nickname “caged parrot”. Whether the ED will go down the same path or reorient its approach will entirely depend on the intervention of the country’s constitutional courts.Q.Which of the following statements cannot be deduced from the passage above, according to the passage?

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.It has been repeatedly held that the PMLA (Prevention of Money Laundering Act) is a sui generis legislation, enacted to tackle money laundering through white-collar crimes. According to Section 3 of the PMLA, the act of projecting or claiming proceeds of crime to be untainted property constitutes the offense of money laundering. Under the Schedule to the PMLA, a number of offenses under the Indian Penal Code and other special statutes have been included, which serve as the basis for the offense of money laundering. In other words, the existence of predicate offense is sine qua non to charge someone with money laundering. It is crucial to note that the investigation and prosecution of the predicate offense are done typically by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) or the State Police.Section 50 of the PMLA provides powers of a civil court to the ED authorities for summoning persons suspected of money laundering and recording statements. However, the Supreme Court held that ED authorities are not police officers. It observed in Vijay Madanlal Choudhary v. Union of India (2022) that “the process envisaged by Section 50 of the PMLA is in the nature of an inquiry against the proceeds of crime and is not ‘investigation’ in strict sense of the term for initiating prosecution.” There are other dissimilarities between ED authorities and the police. While the police are required to register a First Information Report (FIR) for a cognizable offense before conducting an investigation, ED authorities begin with search procedures and undertake their investigation for the purpose of gathering materials and tracing the ‘proceeds of crime’ by issuing summons. Any statement made by an accused to the police is inadmissible as evidence in court, whereas a statement made to an ED authority is admissible. A copy of the FIR is accessible to the accused, whereas the Enforcement Case Information Report is seldom available.While the police investigating the predicate offense are empowered to arrest and seek custody of the accused, the ED is meant to focus on recovering the proceeds of crime in order to redistribute the same to victims. It is not clear whether the ED has managed to do this. Per contra, the Proceeds of Crime Act, 2002, the analogous legislation in the U.K., almost entirely concentrates on the confiscation of assets through dedicated civil proceedings. Unfortunately, of late, much of the ED’s powers have been discharged in effecting pretrial arrests, which used to be the prerogative of the police investigating the predicate offence. In the past, the CBI was used to impart fear among political opponents. In the process, the agency received the condemnation of various courts and earned the nickname “caged parrot”. Whether the ED will go down the same path or reorient its approach will entirely depend on the intervention of the country’s constitutional courts.Q.Which of the following is not the appropriate cause-and-effect relationship in the passages context?

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.It has been repeatedly held that the PMLA (Prevention of Money Laundering Act) is a sui generis legislation, enacted to tackle money laundering through white-collar crimes. According to Section 3 of the PMLA, the act of projecting or claiming proceeds of crime to be untainted property constitutes the offense of money laundering. Under the Schedule to the PMLA, a number of offenses under the Indian Penal Code and other special statutes have been included, which serve as the basis for the offense of money laundering. In other words, the existence of predicate offense is sine qua non to charge someone with money laundering. It is crucial to note that the investigation and prosecution of the predicate offense are done typically by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) or the State Police.Section 50 of the PMLA provides powers of a civil court to the ED authorities for summoning persons suspected of money laundering and recording statements. However, the Supreme Court held that ED authorities are not police officers. It observed in Vijay Madanlal Choudhary v. Union of India (2022) that “the process envisaged by Section 50 of the PMLA is in the nature of an inquiry against the proceeds of crime and is not ‘investigation’ in strict sense of the term for initiating prosecution.” There are other dissimilarities between ED authorities and the police. While the police are required to register a First Information Report (FIR) for a cognizable offense before conducting an investigation, ED authorities begin with search procedures and undertake their investigation for the purpose of gathering materials and tracing the ‘proceeds of crime’ by issuing summons. Any statement made by an accused to the police is inadmissible as evidence in court, whereas a statement made to an ED authority is admissible. A copy of the FIR is accessible to the accused, whereas the Enforcement Case Information Report is seldom available.While the police investigating the predicate offense are empowered to arrest and seek custody of the accused, the ED is meant to focus on recovering the proceeds of crime in order to redistribute the same to victims. It is not clear whether the ED has managed to do this. Per contra, the Proceeds of Crime Act, 2002, the analogous legislation in the U.K., almost entirely concentrates on the confiscation of assets through dedicated civil proceedings. Unfortunately, of late, much of the ED’s powers have been discharged in effecting pretrial arrests, which used to be the prerogative of the police investigating the predicate offence. In the past, the CBI was used to impart fear among political opponents. In the process, the agency received the condemnation of various courts and earned the nickname “caged parrot”. Whether the ED will go down the same path or reorient its approach will entirely depend on the intervention of the country’s constitutional courts.Q.Which of the following is not the appropriate cause-and-effect relationship in the passages context?

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.It has been repeatedly held that the PMLA (Prevention of Money Laundering Act) is a sui generis legislation, enacted to tackle money laundering through white-collar crimes. According to Section 3 of the PMLA, the act of projecting or claiming proceeds of crime to be untainted property constitutes the offense of money laundering. Under the Schedule to the PMLA, a number of offenses under the Indian Penal Code and other special statutes have been included, which serve as the basis for the offense of money laundering. In other words, the existence of predicate offense is sine qua non to charge someone with money laundering. It is crucial to note that the investigation and prosecution of the predicate offense are done typically by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) or the State Police.Section 50 of the PMLA provides powers of a civil court to the ED authorities for summoning persons suspected of money laundering and recording statements. However, the Supreme Court held that ED authorities are not police officers. It observed in Vijay Madanlal Choudhary v. Union of India (2022) that “the process envisaged by Section 50 of the PMLA is in the nature of an inquiry against the proceeds of crime and is not ‘investigation’ in strict sense of the term for initiating prosecution.” There are other dissimilarities between ED authorities and the police. While the police are required to register a First Information Report (FIR) for a cognizable offense before conducting an investigation, ED authorities begin with search procedures and undertake their investigation for the purpose of gathering materials and tracing the ‘proceeds of crime’ by issuing summons. Any statement made by an accused to the police is inadmissible as evidence in court, whereas a statement made to an ED authority is admissible. A copy of the FIR is accessible to the accused, whereas the Enforcement Case Information Report is seldom available.While the police investigating the predicate offense are empowered to arrest and seek custody of the accused, the ED is meant to focus on recovering the proceeds of crime in order to redistribute the same to victims. It is not clear whether the ED has managed to do this. Per contra, the Proceeds of Crime Act, 2002, the analogous legislation in the U.K., almost entirely concentrates on the confiscation of assets through dedicated civil proceedings. Unfortunately, of late, much of the ED’s powers have been discharged in effecting pretrial arrests, which used to be the prerogative of the police investigating the predicate offence. In the past, the CBI was used to impart fear among political opponents. In the process, the agency received the condemnation of various courts and earned the nickname “caged parrot”. Whether the ED will go down the same path or reorient its approach will entirely depend on the intervention of the country’s constitutional courts.Q.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a key difference between ED authorities and the police in their approach to investigations?

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.The Kerala High Court recently clarified that under Section 5 of the Criminal Procedure (Identification) Act, 2022, a magistrate can direct a person accused in a criminal case to give samples of signatures and handwriting, even if such person has not been arrested. [Faizal KV v State of Kerala & Anr.]. Justice Raja Vijayaraghanav V made the observation while upholding a magistrate court order by which an accused, who was out on anticipatory bail, was ordered to furnish his handwriting sample in connection with a forgery case. The 2022 Act attaches criminal liability for resistance or refusal by any person to allow taking measurements. As per Section 6 of the 2022 Act, resistance or refusal shall be deemed to be an offence under Section 186 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 which provides punishment for obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions, wherein the person may be imprisoned for a term which may extend to 3 months or with fine which may extend to INR 500 or both. The 2022 Act covers the collection of measurements not only from convicted persons but also persons under preventive detention or arrested for any punishable offence. The 2022 Act authorizes the police or prison officials to compel a person to give measurements. In order to aid in an investigation or proceeding under the CRPC, the 2022 Act empowers a Magistrate to pass an order directing any person to give measurements.Q.Nisha has been detained by police after being arrested as a suspect in a criminal case. To help with the investigation, the investigating officer needs a sample of Nishas handwriting. Which statute allows the officer to force Nisha to submit a sample of her handwriting?

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Directions:The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The legal system in India is established on the platform of innocent till proven guilty. An unlawful arrest of an individual can be a violation of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution that states that no human shall be denied of his right to life and personal liberty except if established by law, which means that the process must be fair, clear and not arbitrarily or oppressive.Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that no police official can arrest any individual without informing the accused the reason/ground of his detainment/arrest. Section 50 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) says that every police official with authority to arrest someone without a warrant must inform the person getting arrested about the crime for which he is arrested and other relevant grounds for the arrest. This is the duty of the police official which he cannot refuse. Section 50A of the CrPC makes it compulsory for the person/police official arresting a person to inform of the arrest to any of his relatives or even friends who may have interest in the same.Article 22(2) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that the police official making an arrest must produce the arrested person before the Magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest; failing to do so would make him liable for wrongful detention. Section 50(2) of the CrPC provides that the arrested person has the right to get released on bail by making arrangement for the sureties or just inform him of his right when arrested without a warrant for an offence other than a non-cognisable offence.The right to keep quiet does not have any mention in any Indian law; however, its authority can be derived from the CrPC as well as the Indian Evidence Act. The right to stay silent is principally related to the statement and confession made by the accused person in the court. In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the Magistrate to perceive if any statement or confession made by the accused person was voluntarily or was after the use of force and manipulation. Therefore, police or any other authority for that matter is not allowed to compel an accused person to speak anything in the court.Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge where the name and designation of the police official is clearly mentioned. Section 41D entitles an arrested person to a right to have one friend or relative or any other person who he wants by his side during his arrest.Q.A police official was disguised undercover, without any police identifications, so as to be hidden for the purpose of making an arrest. While making the arrest, the accused was informed of the grounds for arrest. Is the arrest valid?a)Yes, since the accused was informed of the grounds as required by law.b)Yes, since the arrest was made without a warrant.c)No, since the arrest was made without a warrant.d)No, as the police was in civilian clothes only.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Directions:The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The legal system in India is established on the platform of innocent till proven guilty. An unlawful arrest of an individual can be a violation of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution that states that no human shall be denied of his right to life and personal liberty except if established by law, which means that the process must be fair, clear and not arbitrarily or oppressive.Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that no police official can arrest any individual without informing the accused the reason/ground of his detainment/arrest. Section 50 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) says that every police official with authority to arrest someone without a warrant must inform the person getting arrested about the crime for which he is arrested and other relevant grounds for the arrest. This is the duty of the police official which he cannot refuse. Section 50A of the CrPC makes it compulsory for the person/police official arresting a person to inform of the arrest to any of his relatives or even friends who may have interest in the same.Article 22(2) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that the police official making an arrest must produce the arrested person before the Magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest; failing to do so would make him liable for wrongful detention. Section 50(2) of the CrPC provides that the arrested person has the right to get released on bail by making arrangement for the sureties or just inform him of his right when arrested without a warrant for an offence other than a non-cognisable offence.The right to keep quiet does not have any mention in any Indian law; however, its authority can be derived from the CrPC as well as the Indian Evidence Act. The right to stay silent is principally related to the statement and confession made by the accused person in the court. In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the Magistrate to perceive if any statement or confession made by the accused person was voluntarily or was after the use of force and manipulation. Therefore, police or any other authority for that matter is not allowed to compel an accused person to speak anything in the court.Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge where the name and designation of the police official is clearly mentioned. Section 41D entitles an arrested person to a right to have one friend or relative or any other person who he wants by his side during his arrest.Q.A police official was disguised undercover, without any police identifications, so as to be hidden for the purpose of making an arrest. While making the arrest, the accused was informed of the grounds for arrest. Is the arrest valid?a)Yes, since the accused was informed of the grounds as required by law.b)Yes, since the arrest was made without a warrant.c)No, since the arrest was made without a warrant.d)No, as the police was in civilian clothes only.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about Directions:The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The legal system in India is established on the platform of innocent till proven guilty. An unlawful arrest of an individual can be a violation of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution that states that no human shall be denied of his right to life and personal liberty except if established by law, which means that the process must be fair, clear and not arbitrarily or oppressive.Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that no police official can arrest any individual without informing the accused the reason/ground of his detainment/arrest. Section 50 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) says that every police official with authority to arrest someone without a warrant must inform the person getting arrested about the crime for which he is arrested and other relevant grounds for the arrest. This is the duty of the police official which he cannot refuse. Section 50A of the CrPC makes it compulsory for the person/police official arresting a person to inform of the arrest to any of his relatives or even friends who may have interest in the same.Article 22(2) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that the police official making an arrest must produce the arrested person before the Magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest; failing to do so would make him liable for wrongful detention. Section 50(2) of the CrPC provides that the arrested person has the right to get released on bail by making arrangement for the sureties or just inform him of his right when arrested without a warrant for an offence other than a non-cognisable offence.The right to keep quiet does not have any mention in any Indian law; however, its authority can be derived from the CrPC as well as the Indian Evidence Act. The right to stay silent is principally related to the statement and confession made by the accused person in the court. In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the Magistrate to perceive if any statement or confession made by the accused person was voluntarily or was after the use of force and manipulation. Therefore, police or any other authority for that matter is not allowed to compel an accused person to speak anything in the court.Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge where the name and designation of the police official is clearly mentioned. Section 41D entitles an arrested person to a right to have one friend or relative or any other person who he wants by his side during his arrest.Q.A police official was disguised undercover, without any police identifications, so as to be hidden for the purpose of making an arrest. While making the arrest, the accused was informed of the grounds for arrest. Is the arrest valid?a)Yes, since the accused was informed of the grounds as required by law.b)Yes, since the arrest was made without a warrant.c)No, since the arrest was made without a warrant.d)No, as the police was in civilian clothes only.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions:The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The legal system in India is established on the platform of innocent till proven guilty. An unlawful arrest of an individual can be a violation of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution that states that no human shall be denied of his right to life and personal liberty except if established by law, which means that the process must be fair, clear and not arbitrarily or oppressive.Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that no police official can arrest any individual without informing the accused the reason/ground of his detainment/arrest. Section 50 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) says that every police official with authority to arrest someone without a warrant must inform the person getting arrested about the crime for which he is arrested and other relevant grounds for the arrest. This is the duty of the police official which he cannot refuse. Section 50A of the CrPC makes it compulsory for the person/police official arresting a person to inform of the arrest to any of his relatives or even friends who may have interest in the same.Article 22(2) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that the police official making an arrest must produce the arrested person before the Magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest; failing to do so would make him liable for wrongful detention. Section 50(2) of the CrPC provides that the arrested person has the right to get released on bail by making arrangement for the sureties or just inform him of his right when arrested without a warrant for an offence other than a non-cognisable offence.The right to keep quiet does not have any mention in any Indian law; however, its authority can be derived from the CrPC as well as the Indian Evidence Act. The right to stay silent is principally related to the statement and confession made by the accused person in the court. In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the Magistrate to perceive if any statement or confession made by the accused person was voluntarily or was after the use of force and manipulation. Therefore, police or any other authority for that matter is not allowed to compel an accused person to speak anything in the court.Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge where the name and designation of the police official is clearly mentioned. Section 41D entitles an arrested person to a right to have one friend or relative or any other person who he wants by his side during his arrest.Q.A police official was disguised undercover, without any police identifications, so as to be hidden for the purpose of making an arrest. While making the arrest, the accused was informed of the grounds for arrest. Is the arrest valid?a)Yes, since the accused was informed of the grounds as required by law.b)Yes, since the arrest was made without a warrant.c)No, since the arrest was made without a warrant.d)No, as the police was in civilian clothes only.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Directions:The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The legal system in India is established on the platform of innocent till proven guilty. An unlawful arrest of an individual can be a violation of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution that states that no human shall be denied of his right to life and personal liberty except if established by law, which means that the process must be fair, clear and not arbitrarily or oppressive.Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that no police official can arrest any individual without informing the accused the reason/ground of his detainment/arrest. Section 50 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) says that every police official with authority to arrest someone without a warrant must inform the person getting arrested about the crime for which he is arrested and other relevant grounds for the arrest. This is the duty of the police official which he cannot refuse. Section 50A of the CrPC makes it compulsory for the person/police official arresting a person to inform of the arrest to any of his relatives or even friends who may have interest in the same.Article 22(2) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that the police official making an arrest must produce the arrested person before the Magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest; failing to do so would make him liable for wrongful detention. Section 50(2) of the CrPC provides that the arrested person has the right to get released on bail by making arrangement for the sureties or just inform him of his right when arrested without a warrant for an offence other than a non-cognisable offence.The right to keep quiet does not have any mention in any Indian law; however, its authority can be derived from the CrPC as well as the Indian Evidence Act. The right to stay silent is principally related to the statement and confession made by the accused person in the court. In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the Magistrate to perceive if any statement or confession made by the accused person was voluntarily or was after the use of force and manipulation. Therefore, police or any other authority for that matter is not allowed to compel an accused person to speak anything in the court.Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge where the name and designation of the police official is clearly mentioned. Section 41D entitles an arrested person to a right to have one friend or relative or any other person who he wants by his side during his arrest.Q.A police official was disguised undercover, without any police identifications, so as to be hidden for the purpose of making an arrest. While making the arrest, the accused was informed of the grounds for arrest. Is the arrest valid?a)Yes, since the accused was informed of the grounds as required by law.b)Yes, since the arrest was made without a warrant.c)No, since the arrest was made without a warrant.d)No, as the police was in civilian clothes only.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CLAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CLAT Exam by signing up for free.
Here you can find the meaning of Directions:The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The legal system in India is established on the platform of innocent till proven guilty. An unlawful arrest of an individual can be a violation of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution that states that no human shall be denied of his right to life and personal liberty except if established by law, which means that the process must be fair, clear and not arbitrarily or oppressive.Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that no police official can arrest any individual without informing the accused the reason/ground of his detainment/arrest. Section 50 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) says that every police official with authority to arrest someone without a warrant must inform the person getting arrested about the crime for which he is arrested and other relevant grounds for the arrest. This is the duty of the police official which he cannot refuse. Section 50A of the CrPC makes it compulsory for the person/police official arresting a person to inform of the arrest to any of his relatives or even friends who may have interest in the same.Article 22(2) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that the police official making an arrest must produce the arrested person before the Magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest; failing to do so would make him liable for wrongful detention. Section 50(2) of the CrPC provides that the arrested person has the right to get released on bail by making arrangement for the sureties or just inform him of his right when arrested without a warrant for an offence other than a non-cognisable offence.The right to keep quiet does not have any mention in any Indian law; however, its authority can be derived from the CrPC as well as the Indian Evidence Act. The right to stay silent is principally related to the statement and confession made by the accused person in the court. In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the Magistrate to perceive if any statement or confession made by the accused person was voluntarily or was after the use of force and manipulation. Therefore, police or any other authority for that matter is not allowed to compel an accused person to speak anything in the court.Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge where the name and designation of the police official is clearly mentioned. Section 41D entitles an arrested person to a right to have one friend or relative or any other person who he wants by his side during his arrest.Q.A police official was disguised undercover, without any police identifications, so as to be hidden for the purpose of making an arrest. While making the arrest, the accused was informed of the grounds for arrest. Is the arrest valid?a)Yes, since the accused was informed of the grounds as required by law.b)Yes, since the arrest was made without a warrant.c)No, since the arrest was made without a warrant.d)No, as the police was in civilian clothes only.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Directions:The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The legal system in India is established on the platform of innocent till proven guilty. An unlawful arrest of an individual can be a violation of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution that states that no human shall be denied of his right to life and personal liberty except if established by law, which means that the process must be fair, clear and not arbitrarily or oppressive.Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that no police official can arrest any individual without informing the accused the reason/ground of his detainment/arrest. Section 50 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) says that every police official with authority to arrest someone without a warrant must inform the person getting arrested about the crime for which he is arrested and other relevant grounds for the arrest. This is the duty of the police official which he cannot refuse. Section 50A of the CrPC makes it compulsory for the person/police official arresting a person to inform of the arrest to any of his relatives or even friends who may have interest in the same.Article 22(2) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that the police official making an arrest must produce the arrested person before the Magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest; failing to do so would make him liable for wrongful detention. Section 50(2) of the CrPC provides that the arrested person has the right to get released on bail by making arrangement for the sureties or just inform him of his right when arrested without a warrant for an offence other than a non-cognisable offence.The right to keep quiet does not have any mention in any Indian law; however, its authority can be derived from the CrPC as well as the Indian Evidence Act. The right to stay silent is principally related to the statement and confession made by the accused person in the court. In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the Magistrate to perceive if any statement or confession made by the accused person was voluntarily or was after the use of force and manipulation. Therefore, police or any other authority for that matter is not allowed to compel an accused person to speak anything in the court.Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge where the name and designation of the police official is clearly mentioned. Section 41D entitles an arrested person to a right to have one friend or relative or any other person who he wants by his side during his arrest.Q.A police official was disguised undercover, without any police identifications, so as to be hidden for the purpose of making an arrest. While making the arrest, the accused was informed of the grounds for arrest. Is the arrest valid?a)Yes, since the accused was informed of the grounds as required by law.b)Yes, since the arrest was made without a warrant.c)No, since the arrest was made without a warrant.d)No, as the police was in civilian clothes only.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Directions:The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The legal system in India is established on the platform of innocent till proven guilty. An unlawful arrest of an individual can be a violation of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution that states that no human shall be denied of his right to life and personal liberty except if established by law, which means that the process must be fair, clear and not arbitrarily or oppressive.Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that no police official can arrest any individual without informing the accused the reason/ground of his detainment/arrest. Section 50 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) says that every police official with authority to arrest someone without a warrant must inform the person getting arrested about the crime for which he is arrested and other relevant grounds for the arrest. This is the duty of the police official which he cannot refuse. Section 50A of the CrPC makes it compulsory for the person/police official arresting a person to inform of the arrest to any of his relatives or even friends who may have interest in the same.Article 22(2) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that the police official making an arrest must produce the arrested person before the Magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest; failing to do so would make him liable for wrongful detention. Section 50(2) of the CrPC provides that the arrested person has the right to get released on bail by making arrangement for the sureties or just inform him of his right when arrested without a warrant for an offence other than a non-cognisable offence.The right to keep quiet does not have any mention in any Indian law; however, its authority can be derived from the CrPC as well as the Indian Evidence Act. The right to stay silent is principally related to the statement and confession made by the accused person in the court. In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the Magistrate to perceive if any statement or confession made by the accused person was voluntarily or was after the use of force and manipulation. Therefore, police or any other authority for that matter is not allowed to compel an accused person to speak anything in the court.Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge where the name and designation of the police official is clearly mentioned. Section 41D entitles an arrested person to a right to have one friend or relative or any other person who he wants by his side during his arrest.Q.A police official was disguised undercover, without any police identifications, so as to be hidden for the purpose of making an arrest. While making the arrest, the accused was informed of the grounds for arrest. Is the arrest valid?a)Yes, since the accused was informed of the grounds as required by law.b)Yes, since the arrest was made without a warrant.c)No, since the arrest was made without a warrant.d)No, as the police was in civilian clothes only.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Directions:The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The legal system in India is established on the platform of innocent till proven guilty. An unlawful arrest of an individual can be a violation of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution that states that no human shall be denied of his right to life and personal liberty except if established by law, which means that the process must be fair, clear and not arbitrarily or oppressive.Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that no police official can arrest any individual without informing the accused the reason/ground of his detainment/arrest. Section 50 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) says that every police official with authority to arrest someone without a warrant must inform the person getting arrested about the crime for which he is arrested and other relevant grounds for the arrest. This is the duty of the police official which he cannot refuse. Section 50A of the CrPC makes it compulsory for the person/police official arresting a person to inform of the arrest to any of his relatives or even friends who may have interest in the same.Article 22(2) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that the police official making an arrest must produce the arrested person before the Magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest; failing to do so would make him liable for wrongful detention. Section 50(2) of the CrPC provides that the arrested person has the right to get released on bail by making arrangement for the sureties or just inform him of his right when arrested without a warrant for an offence other than a non-cognisable offence.The right to keep quiet does not have any mention in any Indian law; however, its authority can be derived from the CrPC as well as the Indian Evidence Act. The right to stay silent is principally related to the statement and confession made by the accused person in the court. In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the Magistrate to perceive if any statement or confession made by the accused person was voluntarily or was after the use of force and manipulation. Therefore, police or any other authority for that matter is not allowed to compel an accused person to speak anything in the court.Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge where the name and designation of the police official is clearly mentioned. Section 41D entitles an arrested person to a right to have one friend or relative or any other person who he wants by his side during his arrest.Q.A police official was disguised undercover, without any police identifications, so as to be hidden for the purpose of making an arrest. While making the arrest, the accused was informed of the grounds for arrest. Is the arrest valid?a)Yes, since the accused was informed of the grounds as required by law.b)Yes, since the arrest was made without a warrant.c)No, since the arrest was made without a warrant.d)No, as the police was in civilian clothes only.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Directions:The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The legal system in India is established on the platform of innocent till proven guilty. An unlawful arrest of an individual can be a violation of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution that states that no human shall be denied of his right to life and personal liberty except if established by law, which means that the process must be fair, clear and not arbitrarily or oppressive.Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that no police official can arrest any individual without informing the accused the reason/ground of his detainment/arrest. Section 50 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) says that every police official with authority to arrest someone without a warrant must inform the person getting arrested about the crime for which he is arrested and other relevant grounds for the arrest. This is the duty of the police official which he cannot refuse. Section 50A of the CrPC makes it compulsory for the person/police official arresting a person to inform of the arrest to any of his relatives or even friends who may have interest in the same.Article 22(2) of the Indian Constitution stipulates that the police official making an arrest must produce the arrested person before the Magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest; failing to do so would make him liable for wrongful detention. Section 50(2) of the CrPC provides that the arrested person has the right to get released on bail by making arrangement for the sureties or just inform him of his right when arrested without a warrant for an offence other than a non-cognisable offence.The right to keep quiet does not have any mention in any Indian law; however, its authority can be derived from the CrPC as well as the Indian Evidence Act. The right to stay silent is principally related to the statement and confession made by the accused person in the court. In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the Magistrate to perceive if any statement or confession made by the accused person was voluntarily or was after the use of force and manipulation. Therefore, police or any other authority for that matter is not allowed to compel an accused person to speak anything in the court.Section 41B states that every police official authorised to conduct the investigation/arrest must supply clear, visible and valid badge where the name and designation of the police official is clearly mentioned. Section 41D entitles an arrested person to a right to have one friend or relative or any other person who he wants by his side during his arrest.Q.A police official was disguised undercover, without any police identifications, so as to be hidden for the purpose of making an arrest. While making the arrest, the accused was informed of the grounds for arrest. Is the arrest valid?a)Yes, since the accused was informed of the grounds as required by law.b)Yes, since the arrest was made without a warrant.c)No, since the arrest was made without a warrant.d)No, as the police was in civilian clothes only.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CLAT tests.
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