Concept Map for Hydrogen Derivatives:

Introduction:
Hydrogen derivatives are compounds that contain hydrogen atoms bonded to other elements such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and halogens. These derivatives play a crucial role in various chemical reactions and have wide applications in industries such as pharmaceuticals, polymers, and energy production.

Types of Hydrogen Derivatives:
1. Alkanes and Alkyl Groups:
- Alkanes are hydrocarbons that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms bonded together by single covalent bonds.
- Alkyl groups are derived from alkanes by removing a hydrogen atom, leaving a free valence electron.

2. Alkenes and Alkynes:
- Alkenes have a double bond between two carbon atoms, while alkynes have a triple bond.
- Hydrogenation is the reaction of alkenes and alkynes with hydrogen to form alkanes.

3. Aromatic Compounds:
- Aromatic compounds contain a benzene ring, which consists of six carbon atoms and alternating double bonds.
- Hydrogenation of aromatic compounds leads to cyclohexanes.

4. Alcohols:
- Alcohols are compounds in which a hydroxyl (-OH) group is attached to a carbon atom.
- They can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms bonded to the carbon atom bearing the hydroxyl group.

5. Carboxylic Acids:
- Carboxylic acids are organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group (-COOH).
- They can be classified as monocarboxylic acids (containing one carboxyl group) or dicarboxylic acids (containing two carboxyl groups).

6. Amines:
- Amines are organic compounds that contain a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more carbon atoms.
- They can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms bonded to the nitrogen atom.

7. Haloalkanes:
- Haloalkanes are organic compounds that contain a halogen atom bonded to a carbon atom.
- They are named based on the type of halogen present (e.g., chloroalkanes, bromoalkanes).

8. Ethers:
- Ethers are compounds in which an oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms.
- They can be classified as symmetrical or mixed based on the nature of the carbon groups bonded to the oxygen atom.

Applications of Hydrogen Derivatives:
- Alkanes are used as fuels and solvents.
- Alcohols find applications as solvents, antiseptics, and in the production of various chemicals.
- Carboxylic acids are used in the production of soaps, detergents, and pharmaceuticals.
- Amines are important in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and dyes.
- Haloalkanes are used as refrigerants, solvents, and in the production of plastics.
- Ethers find applications as solvents and anesthetics.

In conclusion, the concept map for hydrogen derivatives provides an overview of the different types of compounds and their applications. Understanding these derivatives is essential for studying organic chemistry and their significance in various industries.