Gravitation - Quick Revision Formula

Gravitation is a fundamental force of nature that attracts two objects with mass towards each other. The force of gravity is proportional to the product of the masses of the two objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers of mass.

Here are some quick revision formulas for gravitation:

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2

where F is the force of attraction between two objects, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, and r is the distance between their centers of mass.

Gravitational Constant

G = 6.67 x 10^-11 N * m^2 / kg^2

where G is the gravitational constant, N is the Newton unit, m is the meter unit, and kg is the kilogram unit.

Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion

1. Law of Orbits: all planets move in elliptical orbits, with the Sun at one focus.

2. Law of Areas: a line that connects a planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times.

3. Law of Periods: the square of the period of any planet is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit.

Escape Velocity

v = sqrt(2GM / r)

where v is the escape velocity, G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the planet or object, and r is the distance from the center of the planet or object.

Gravitational Potential Energy

U = -G * (m1 * m2) / r

where U is the gravitational potential energy, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, and r is the distance between their centers of mass.

Conclusion

Gravitation is an important topic in physics that explains how objects with mass are attracted to each other. The formulas mentioned above can help in quick revision and better understanding of the concepts related to gravitation.