Which of the following undergoes nucleophilic substitution exclusively by SN-1 mechanism? A) benzyl chloride. B) ethyl chloride. C) Chlorobenzene. D) isopropyl chloride the correct answer is (A) give the reason?

Question

Answer

For SN1 reaction the formed carbocation should be More stable . the stability of carbocation is C6H5CH2+ >CH3CH (CH3)CH2+>CH3 CH2+

Answer

Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions

Nucleophilic substitution reactions are a type of organic reaction that involves the substitution of a nucleophile for a leaving group in an organic molecule. These reactions can occur through two mechanisms, SN1 and SN2.

SN1 Mechanism

The SN1 mechanism involves a two-step process in which the leaving group departs first, forming a carbocation intermediate. This intermediate is then attacked by a nucleophile, leading to the formation of a new bond and the displacement of the leaving group.

Factors Affecting SN1 Mechanism

The SN1 mechanism is favored by the following factors:

- Presence of a good leaving group
- Presence of a polar solvent
- Presence of a stable carbocation intermediate

Answer

Benzyl chloride undergoes nucleophilic substitution exclusively by SN-1 mechanism. This is because benzyl chloride has a good leaving group (chlorine) and forms a stable carbocation intermediate. The benzyl carbocation is stabilized by resonance, making it more stable than other carbocations. Additionally, polar solvents such as methanol or water can help stabilize the carbocation intermediate.

Ethyl chloride and isopropyl chloride undergo nucleophilic substitution by both SN1 and SN2 mechanisms. Chlorobenzene, on the other hand, undergoes nucleophilic substitution exclusively by SN2 mechanism due to the poor leaving group ability of the phenyl group.

Therefore, benzyl chloride is the correct answer as it fulfills the factors favoring the SN1 mechanism.

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