John rawls, an important political thinker, has given a theory of justice to achieve a just state. he puts all individuals behind the 'veil of ignorance'. 'veil of ignorance' means that individuals are put in a position where they do not know what is their status, wealth, class, ability , talent etc. so these individuals will choose privileges which will affect them once they come out of veil of ignorance. Rawls said that these individuals are rational and will choose privileges which will help them in developing their fuller personality. so they will first choose liberty. Because if an individual has liberty then he/she will be able to achieve anything by his/her hard work. second they will want is equality of oppurtunity. that means all individuals should get the equal oppurtunity. they should not be discriminated on the basis of their caste, region, gender and religion.   

And third, they will demand is difference principle. It means that if any individual, after veil of ignorance, comes out  is disabled or unfortunate, then society should help that least advantaged person. 

This Rawl's theory of justice where rationality rather than moral thinking can lead us to have a fair and just society.

Feudalism

Feudalism was a social, economic, and political system that dominated medieval Europe from the 9th to the 15th century. It was a hierarchical system where land was the primary source of wealth and power, and society was structured around the relationship between lords and vassals.

- **Feudal Hierarchy**: At the top of the feudal hierarchy was the monarch, followed by the nobility, who held large estates and granted land to vassals in exchange for loyalty and military service. Vassals, in turn, could grant land to sub-vassals and peasants.

- **Manorial System**: The manorial system was a key aspect of feudalism, with manors serving as self-sufficient agricultural estates controlled by a lord. Peasants, known as serfs, worked the land in exchange for protection and a share of the harvest.

- **Feudal Obligations**: Feudalism was based on a system of reciprocal obligations, where vassals swore allegiance to their lords and provided military service in times of war. In return, lords offered protection and land grants.

- **Decline of Feudalism**: Feudalism began to decline in the late medieval period due to various factors such as the growth of towns and trade, the rise of centralized monarchies, and the Black Death, which led to labor shortages and increased peasant mobility.

- **Legacy of Feudalism**: Although feudalism eventually gave way to other forms of social organization, its legacy can still be seen in modern institutions and practices, such as the continued influence of aristocratic families and the concept of land ownership.

In conclusion, feudalism was a complex system that shaped medieval European society and economy for centuries, influencing the relationships between individuals and the distribution of power.