Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPTa) There was a sharp drop in the number of persons who attended religious services on an occasional basis.b) Attendance statistics compiled by the religious denominations are often highly inaccurate.c) As older churchgoers died, they were not replaced by an equal number of younger churchgoers.d) There was no significant increase in attendance among religious groups outside the major denominations.e) Those responding to the surveys were not representative of the population as a whole.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

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Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.

In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.

Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPT

a)
There was a sharp drop in the number of persons who attended religious services on an occasional basis.
b)
Attendance statistics compiled by the religious denominations are often highly inaccurate.
c)
As older churchgoers died, they were not replaced by an equal number of younger churchgoers.
d)
There was no significant increase in attendance among religious groups outside the major denominations.
e)
Those responding to the surveys were not representative of the population as a whole.

Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

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Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive c...

This is one of those items that ask you to find alternative causal explanations. Here, you are asked to find the one choice that does not provide an alternative explanation that would help eliminate the paradox.

Every choice but (D) suggests a way of eliminating the paradox. (D), however, if anything, strengthens the paradox by eliminating a possible way of explaining away the paradox.

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Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPT

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Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Parliament passed a Bill removing leprosy as a ground for divorce under five personal laws including the Hindu Marriage Act. Before this landmark decision, people affected by leprosy were equated with those experiencing mental illness under several Marriage Acts and the Indian Divorce Act.The Hindu Marriage Act was enacted by Parliament in 1955 to amend and to codify marriage law between Hindus.Section 5 of the said Act specifies that conditions must be met for a marriage to be able to take place. If a ceremony takes place, but the conditions are not met, the marriage is either void by default, or voidable. The Hindu Marriage Act provides guidance for Hindus to be in a systematic marriage bond. It gives meaning to marriage, cohabiting rights for both the bride and groom, and a safety for their family and children so that they do not suffer from their parental issues.A marriage may be declared void, unless already void, if it contravenes any of the conditions under this Act, such as either party is under age, i.e. the bridegroom is of 21 years of age and the bride of 18 years and either party is not of a Hindu religion. It further demands that both the bridegroom and the bride should be of the Hindu religion at the time of marriage. The Act expressively prohibits polygamy. A marriage can only be solemnised if neither party has a living spouse at the time of marriage. Although marriage is held to be divine, yet the Hindu Marriage Act does permit either party to divorce on the grounds of unhappiness. A petition for divorce usually can only be filed one year after registration of the marriage. A marriage may be dissolved by a court order on the various grounds which include cruelty, i.e. the respondent has physically or mentally abused the petitioner, or that the respondent has deserted the petitioner, for an unreasonable cause, for a continuous period of not less than two years. It further provides a ground of divorce, i.e. the husband, after marriage, has been found guilty of rape, sodomy or bestiality. Also, the respondent has been diagnosed since the marriage ceremony as being unsound of mind to such an extent that normal married life is not possible. Last but not the least is the presumption of death, i.e. the respondent has not been seen alive for seven years or more.[Extracted, with edits and reviews, from the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, article by netlawman]Q. What is the primary purpose of the Hindu Marriage Act as mentioned in the passage?

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Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Parliament passed a Bill removing leprosy as a ground for divorce under five personal laws including the Hindu Marriage Act. Before this landmark decision, people affected by leprosy were equated with those experiencing mental illness under several Marriage Acts and the Indian Divorce Act.The Hindu Marriage Act was enacted by Parliament in 1955 to amend and to codify marriage law between Hindus.Section 5 of the said Act specifies that conditions must be met for a marriage to be able to take place. If a ceremony takes place, but the conditions are not met, the marriage is either void by default, or voidable. The Hindu Marriage Act provides guidance for Hindus to be in a systematic marriage bond. It gives meaning to marriage, cohabiting rights for both the bride and groom, and a safety for their family and children so that they do not suffer from their parental issues.A marriage may be declared void, unless already void, if it contravenes any of the conditions under this Act, such as either party is under age, i.e. the bridegroom is of 21 years of age and the bride of 18 years and either party is not of a Hindu religion. It further demands that both the bridegroom and the bride should be of the Hindu religion at the time of marriage. The Act expressively prohibits polygamy. A marriage can only be solemnised if neither party has a living spouse at the time of marriage. Although marriage is held to be divine, yet the Hindu Marriage Act does permit either party to divorce on the grounds of unhappiness. A petition for divorce usually can only be filed one year after registration of the marriage. A marriage may be dissolved by a court order on the various grounds which include cruelty, i.e. the respondent has physically or mentally abused the petitioner, or that the respondent has deserted the petitioner, for an unreasonable cause, for a continuous period of not less than two years. It further provides a ground of divorce, i.e. the husband, after marriage, has been found guilty of rape, sodomy or bestiality. Also, the respondent has been diagnosed since the marriage ceremony as being unsound of mind to such an extent that normal married life is not possible. Last but not the least is the presumption of death, i.e. the respondent has not been seen alive for seven years or more.[Extracted, with edits and reviews, from the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, article by netlawman]Q. Under the Hindu Marriage Act, what condition must be met for a marriage to be declared void?

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Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Parliament passed a Bill removing leprosy as a ground for divorce under five personal laws including the Hindu Marriage Act. Before this landmark decision, people affected by leprosy were equated with those experiencing mental illness under several Marriage Acts and the Indian Divorce Act.The Hindu Marriage Act was enacted by Parliament in 1955 to amend and to codify marriage law between Hindus.Section 5 of the said Act specifies that conditions must be met for a marriage to be able to take place. If a ceremony takes place, but the conditions are not met, the marriage is either void by default, or voidable. The Hindu Marriage Act provides guidance for Hindus to be in a systematic marriage bond. It gives meaning to marriage, cohabiting rights for both the bride and groom, and a safety for their family and children so that they do not suffer from their parental issues.A marriage may be declared void, unless already void, if it contravenes any of the conditions under this Act, such as either party is under age, i.e. the bridegroom is of 21 years of age and the bride of 18 years and either party is not of a Hindu religion. It further demands that both the bridegroom and the bride should be of the Hindu religion at the time of marriage. The Act expressively prohibits polygamy. A marriage can only be solemnised if neither party has a living spouse at the time of marriage. Although marriage is held to be divine, yet the Hindu Marriage Act does permit either party to divorce on the grounds of unhappiness. A petition for divorce usually can only be filed one year after registration of the marriage. A marriage may be dissolved by a court order on the various grounds which include cruelty, i.e. the respondent has physically or mentally abused the petitioner, or that the respondent has deserted the petitioner, for an unreasonable cause, for a continuous period of not less than two years. It further provides a ground of divorce, i.e. the husband, after marriage, has been found guilty of rape, sodomy or bestiality. Also, the respondent has been diagnosed since the marriage ceremony as being unsound of mind to such an extent that normal married life is not possible. Last but not the least is the presumption of death, i.e. the respondent has not been seen alive for seven years or more.[Extracted, with edits and reviews, from the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, article by netlawman]Q. According to the Hindu Marriage Act, when can a petition for divorce usually be filed?

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It is quite understandable that a recentSupreme Court judgment, that there is no fundamental right to claim reservation in promotions, has caused some political alarm. The received wisdom in affirmative action jurisprudence is that a series of Constitution amendments and judgments have created a sound legal framework for reservation in public employment, subject to the fulfilment of certain constitutional requirements. And that it has solidified into an entitlement for the backward classes, including the SCs and STs. However, the latest judgment is a reminder that affirmative action programmes allowed in the Constitution flow from “enabling provisions” and are not rights as such. This legal position is not new. Major judgments — these include those by Constitution Benches — note that Article 16(4), on reservation in posts, is enabling in nature. In other words, the state is not bound to provide reservations, but if it does so, it must be in favour of sections that are backward and inadequately represented in the services based on quantifiable data. Thus, the Court is not wrong in setting aside an Uttarakhand High Court order directing data collection on the adequacy or inadequacy of representation of SC/ST candidates in the State’s services. Its reasoning is that once there is a decision not to extend reservation — in this case, in promotions — to the section, the question whether its representation in the services is inadequate is irrelevant.The root of the current issue lies in the then Congress government’s decision to give up SC/ST quotas in promotions in Uttarakhand. The present BJP regime also shares responsibility as it argued in the Court that there is neither a basic right to reservations nor a duty by the State government to provide it. The idea thatreservationis not a right may be in consonance with the Constitution allowing it as an option, but a larger question looms: Is there no government obligation to continue with affirmative action if the social situation that keeps some sections backward and at the receiving end of discrimination persists? Reservation is no more seen by the Supreme Court as an exception to the equality rule; rather, it is a facet of equality. The terms “proportionate equality” and “substantive equality” have been used to show that the equality norm acquires completion only when the marginalised are given a legal leg-up. Some may even read into this an inescapable state obligation to extend reservation to those who need it, lest its absence render the entire system unequal. For instance, if no quotas are implemented and no study on backwardness and extent of representation is done, it may result in a perceptible imbalance in social representation in public services. Will the courts still say a direction cannot be given to gather data and provide quotas to those with inadequate representation?Q.Suppose Article 16(5) of the Constitution reads- 16. Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment (5) Nothing in this article shall affect the operation of any law which provides that the incumbent of an office in connection with the affairs of any religious or denominational institution shall be a person professing a particular religion or belonging to a particular denomination.Further suppose that The Government passes a law saying that the Chairmanship of the National Commission of Religious Minorities shall be limited to people from these communities.Is this law violative of Article 16?

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Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPTa) There was a sharp drop in the number of persons who attended religious services on an occasional basis.b) Attendance statistics compiled by the religious denominations are often highly inaccurate.c) As older churchgoers died, they were not replaced by an equal number of younger churchgoers.d) There was no significant increase in attendance among religious groups outside the major denominations.e) Those responding to the surveys were not representative of the population as a whole.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPTa) There was a sharp drop in the number of persons who attended religious services on an occasional basis.b) Attendance statistics compiled by the religious denominations are often highly inaccurate.c) As older churchgoers died, they were not replaced by an equal number of younger churchgoers.d) There was no significant increase in attendance among religious groups outside the major denominations.e) Those responding to the surveys were not representative of the population as a whole.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPTa) There was a sharp drop in the number of persons who attended religious services on an occasional basis.b) Attendance statistics compiled by the religious denominations are often highly inaccurate.c) As older churchgoers died, they were not replaced by an equal number of younger churchgoers.d) There was no significant increase in attendance among religious groups outside the major denominations.e) Those responding to the surveys were not representative of the population as a whole.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.

Solutions for Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPTa) There was a sharp drop in the number of persons who attended religious services on an occasional basis.b) Attendance statistics compiled by the religious denominations are often highly inaccurate.c) As older churchgoers died, they were not replaced by an equal number of younger churchgoers.d) There was no significant increase in attendance among religious groups outside the major denominations.e) Those responding to the surveys were not representative of the population as a whole.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CLAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CLAT Exam by signing up for free.

Here you can find the meaning of Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPTa) There was a sharp drop in the number of persons who attended religious services on an occasional basis.b) Attendance statistics compiled by the religious denominations are often highly inaccurate.c) As older churchgoers died, they were not replaced by an equal number of younger churchgoers.d) There was no significant increase in attendance among religious groups outside the major denominations.e) Those responding to the surveys were not representative of the population as a whole.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPTa) There was a sharp drop in the number of persons who attended religious services on an occasional basis.b) Attendance statistics compiled by the religious denominations are often highly inaccurate.c) As older churchgoers died, they were not replaced by an equal number of younger churchgoers.d) There was no significant increase in attendance among religious groups outside the major denominations.e) Those responding to the surveys were not representative of the population as a whole.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPTa) There was a sharp drop in the number of persons who attended religious services on an occasional basis.b) Attendance statistics compiled by the religious denominations are often highly inaccurate.c) As older churchgoers died, they were not replaced by an equal number of younger churchgoers.d) There was no significant increase in attendance among religious groups outside the major denominations.e) Those responding to the surveys were not representative of the population as a whole.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPTa) There was a sharp drop in the number of persons who attended religious services on an occasional basis.b) Attendance statistics compiled by the religious denominations are often highly inaccurate.c) As older churchgoers died, they were not replaced by an equal number of younger churchgoers.d) There was no significant increase in attendance among religious groups outside the major denominations.e) Those responding to the surveys were not representative of the population as a whole.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Directions: In the following questions tests your ability to derive conclusions from complex situations. Read each question carefully and answer the questions that follow.In national surveys taken between 1970 and 1985, the percentage of respondents who reported that they usually attended weekly religious services rose from 28 per cent to 34 per cent. However, statistics compiled during the same period by the nation’s major religious denominations showed a gradual decline in attendance at weekly services.Each of the following, if true, could help explain the apparent contradiction in the statements above EXCEPTa) There was a sharp drop in the number of persons who attended religious services on an occasional basis.b) Attendance statistics compiled by the religious denominations are often highly inaccurate.c) As older churchgoers died, they were not replaced by an equal number of younger churchgoers.d) There was no significant increase in attendance among religious groups outside the major denominations.e) Those responding to the surveys were not representative of the population as a whole.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CLAT tests.