Micronutrients are nutrients that a person needs in small doses. Micronutrients consist of vitamins and minerals. Although the body only needs small amounts of them, a deficiency can cause ill health.

Macronutrients are nutrients that a person needs in larger amounts. Macronutrients include water, protein, carbohydrates, and fats.

Essential Micronutrients
Nutrients needed by the body in small quantities are known as micronutrients. They play crucial roles in various bodily functions, despite being required in minimal amounts.
Vitamins
- Vitamin A: Essential for vision, immune function, and skin health.
- B Vitamins: A group that includes B1 (Thiamine), B2 (Riboflavin), B3 (Niacin), B6, B12, and folate, which are important for energy production and brain function.
- Vitamin C: Acts as an antioxidant and is vital for skin, bones, and connective tissue.
- Vitamin D: Important for bone health and calcium absorption.
- Vitamin E: Protects cells from oxidative stress and supports immune function.
- Vitamin K: Crucial for blood clotting and bone health.
Minerals
- Iron: Necessary for the formation of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood.
- Zinc: Important for immune function, wound healing, and DNA synthesis.
- Copper: Aids in iron metabolism and the formation of red blood cells.
- Selenium: Plays a role in reproduction, thyroid hormone metabolism, and protecting cells from damage.
- Iodine: Essential for the production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism.
Importance of Micronutrients
- Growth and Development: Micronutrients are vital for growth, especially in children.
- Immune Support: They help the body fight infections and diseases.
- Cellular Functions: Essential for various biochemical reactions in the body.
In summary, while we need these nutrients in smaller amounts, their impact on health is significant, and a balanced diet is key to obtaining them.