Radial Drainage Pattern

The correct answer is option 'D' - Radial Drainage Pattern. In this pattern, the streams flow in different directions from a central peak or dome-like structure. This type of drainage pattern is commonly found in volcanic regions or in areas with a central highland.

Explanation:

Formation:
A radial drainage pattern is formed when streams flow outward in different directions from a central point. It occurs when streams follow the slopes of a conical or dome-shaped mountain or hill. The water flows down the sides of the peak, forming multiple streams that radiate outward like the spokes of a wheel.

Characteristics:
1. Central Peak: The radial drainage pattern is characterized by a central peak or dome-like structure from where the streams originate. This peak is usually a volcanic cone or a hill with a symmetrical shape.

2. Multiple Streams: The streams in a radial pattern flow in different directions from the central peak. They branch out like the spokes of a wheel, creating a fan-shaped pattern. The streams may merge with each other or form tributaries as they flow away from the central point.

3. Short Streams: The streams in a radial pattern are generally short in length as they originate from a central location and do not have a long distance to flow before merging with other streams or rivers.

4. Steep Slopes: The slopes of the central peak or dome are usually steep, which allows the water to flow quickly down the sides. This leads to the formation of deep valleys and canyons along the streams.

5. Volcanic Regions: Radial drainage patterns are commonly found in volcanic regions where the streams follow the slopes of volcanic cones or calderas. The lava flows from the central peak create a radial pattern as they solidify and form ridges along the sides.

Importance:
The radial drainage pattern is important in understanding the geological history and processes of an area. It provides evidence of past volcanic activity and helps in identifying the location of volcanic vents or domes. It also influences the formation of landforms such as valleys, canyons, and ridges. Additionally, the radial pattern affects the distribution of water resources and can impact human activities such as agriculture and settlement patterns.

In conclusion, a radial drainage pattern is characterized by streams flowing in different directions from a central peak or dome-like structure. It is commonly found in volcanic regions and helps in understanding the geological history and landforms of an area.