Steady Flow Energy Equation

The steady flow energy equation, also known as the first law of thermodynamics for steady flow processes, is a fundamental equation used in thermodynamics. It relates the heat transfer, work done, and changes in enthalpy of a fluid flowing through a system. The equation is given by:

Q = m(h2 – h1)

Where:
- Q is the heat transfer
- m is the mass flow rate of the fluid
- h2 is the enthalpy at the outlet of the system
- h1 is the enthalpy at the inlet of the system

Applicability of the Equation

The steady flow energy equation is applicable for various devices and processes in thermodynamics. However, in this case, the correct answer is option 'D', which is the boiler. Let's see why the equation is applicable to a boiler:

Boiler
A boiler is a device used to convert water into steam by the application of heat. It is commonly used in power plants, industrial processes, and heating systems. In a boiler, fuel is burned to produce heat, which is transferred to the water to generate steam.

- Heat Transfer: In a boiler, heat is transferred from the burning fuel to the water through various mechanisms such as radiation, convection, and conduction. This heat transfer is represented as Q in the steady flow energy equation.

- Mass Flow Rate: The mass flow rate of the fluid, in this case, is the rate at which water is converted into steam. It is denoted by m in the equation.

- Enthalpy: The enthalpy of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the boiler is represented by h1 and h2, respectively. The enthalpy change is a result of the heat transfer and phase change of the water to steam.

By applying the steady flow energy equation to a boiler, we can calculate the heat transfer (Q) based on the mass flow rate (m) and the enthalpy change (h2 – h1). This equation allows us to analyze and calculate the energy balance in a boiler system.

Therefore, option 'D' is the correct answer as the steady flow energy equation is applicable to a boiler.