What is girt?

Girt is a structural element used in the construction of industrial and residential buildings. It is a horizontal beam that spans between wall columns, providing support and stability to the structure. In the context of this question, the correct answer is option 'B', which refers to the horizontal beam spanning between wall columns of industrial buildings.

Explanation

1. Girt in Industrial Buildings:
- In industrial buildings, girts are typically used to support the exterior wall cladding and provide structural stability.
- These horizontal beams are installed parallel to the ground and are attached to the columns or vertical structural members of the building.
- Girts are commonly made of steel or wood, depending on the design requirements and building codes.
- They are placed at regular intervals along the height of the wall, providing a framework to attach the exterior cladding material such as metal sheets or panels.

2. Function of Girts:
- Girts play a crucial role in transferring the loads from the exterior cladding to the columns and other structural components of the building.
- They help distribute the wind loads, snow loads, and other lateral forces acting on the building, ensuring stability and preventing damage.
- Girts also provide additional support to the wall panels, preventing them from buckling or deforming under load.
- Moreover, they serve as a nailing surface for attaching the cladding material, allowing for a secure and aesthetically pleasing finish.

3. Girt in Residential Buildings:
- While girts are more commonly associated with industrial buildings, they can also be used in residential construction.
- In the context of residential buildings, girts are typically used as part of the structural system for timber-framed houses.
- These horizontal beams are installed between the vertical wall studs, providing additional strength and stability to the structure.
- Girts in residential buildings are often made of wood and are used in conjunction with other elements such as sheathing and insulation.

Conclusion

In summary, girts are horizontal beams that span between wall columns in both industrial and residential buildings. They provide structural support, distribute loads, and serve as a framework for attaching exterior cladding material. In the context of the given question, the correct answer is option 'B', which refers to the horizontal beam spanning between wall columns of industrial buildings.