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In a depth-first traversal of a graph G with n vertices, k edges are marked as tree edges. The number of connected components in G is
  • a)
    k
  • b)
        k + 1
  • c)
    n - k - 1
  • d)
    n - k
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
In a depth-first traversal of a graph G with n vertices, k edges are m...
Tree edges are the edges that are part of DFS tree.  If there are x tree edges in a tree, then  x+1 vertices in the tree. The output of DFS is a forest if the graph is disconnected.  Let us see below simple example where graph is disconnected.
 The above example matches with D option More Examples:
1) All vertices  of Graph are connected.  k must be n-1.  We get number of connected components  = n- k =  n - (n-1) = 1
2) No vertex is connected. k must be 0.  We get number of connected components  = n- k =  n - 0 = n
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Most Upvoted Answer
In a depth-first traversal of a graph G with n vertices, k edges are m...

Explanation:

Depth-first Traversal in a Graph:
- In a depth-first traversal of a graph, we start from a source vertex and explore as far as possible along each branch before backtracking.

Tree Edges in Depth-first Traversal:
- In a depth-first traversal of a graph with n vertices, if k edges are marked as tree edges, this means that these edges are part of the spanning tree formed during the traversal.

Number of Connected Components:
- In a depth-first traversal, the number of connected components in the graph is equal to the number of times the traversal algorithm starts from a new vertex that has not been visited before.

Calculating Number of Connected Components:
- Initially, the graph has n vertices and is considered as one connected component.
- As the depth-first traversal progresses, each time a new unvisited vertex is encountered, a new connected component is formed.
- Since k edges are marked as tree edges, they form part of the spanning tree connecting vertices in the same connected component.
- Therefore, the number of connected components in the graph after the traversal is n - k.

Correct Answer:
- Hence, the correct answer is option 'd) n - k'.
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Community Answer
In a depth-first traversal of a graph G with n vertices, k edges are m...
Tree edges are the edges that are part of DFS tree.  If there are x tree edges in a tree, then  x+1 vertices in the tree. The output of DFS is a forest if the graph is disconnected.  Let us see below simple example where graph is disconnected.
 The above example matches with D option More Examples:
1) All vertices  of Graph are connected.  k must be n-1.  We get number of connected components  = n- k =  n - (n-1) = 1
2) No vertex is connected. k must be 0.  We get number of connected components  = n- k =  n - 0 = n
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In a depth-first traversal of a graph G with n vertices, k edges are marked as tree edges. The number of connected components in G isa)kb) k + 1c)n - k - 1d)n - kCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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