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Who was the Pallav ruler when the Rath Temples at Mahabalipuram were built?
  • a)
    Parmeshwar varman
  • b)
    Narsingh varman I
  • c)
    Narsingh varman III
  • d)
    Nadi varman I
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Who was the Pallav ruler when the Rath Temples at Mahabalipuram were ...
Rath Temples at Mahabalipuram were built in the reign of Narsinghvarman I. Narsinghvarman I was a Tamil king of the Pallava dynasty who ruled South India from 630–668 AD.
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Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Gandaberunda , the mythical two-headed bird, often seen as one of Lord Vishnu’s many incarnations in Hindu mythology, lies on a circular board of thick brown paper intricately etched out using a black pen. At first glance, a satisfying network of patterns is all one sees. But the motif also opens doors to history; especially that of the temple structures seen in Tamil Nadu. The gandaberunda is one of the many creatures that feature in artist and architect Mathew Samuel’s Divine Fauna, a 12-part series of sketches inspired from temple reliefs, manifested as motifs on circular boards. While taking up a temple project, Samuel came to know more about Tamil mythology and Dravidian style of architecture and observed that throughout history, there have been “additions and subtractions” and various versions of the same elements. For example, the peacock is represented in a certain way in the Chola dynasty, and more vibrantly by the Nayakas. And, it has been in constant change. His first heritage conservation project was of a temple in Udayarpalayam, a small village in Jayankondam taluk, near Gangaikondacholapuram. It dates back to the Cholas but a lot of the following dynasties did their additions to it. Another structure that inspired him lies in Mamallapuram, a cave called Mahishasura Mardini cave, which had representations that were out of the world. The horizontal bands of etchings displaying circular elements that run along temple structures, helped him pin down a circular format to portray the motifs in. The first work was on a bird that is not visually represented much anywhere — andril paravai. It has been mentioned in a lot of Tamil literature; in fact even contemporary Tamil movie songs mention the bird. Andril paravai is spotted in pairs, and if one dies, the other dies too. These birds appear, albeit subtly, in many temple structures. There are very few temple paintings, especially in the pre-Pallava era, that show the andril paravai. In the caves of Chittinavasal, in Pudukkottai, the motif can be seen on ceilings. In a few temples, it can be seen as ornamentation around the deity or a sculptural element. Matthew wanted to give this motif a form. After andril paravai, he moved on to parrots, peacocks and animals like the lion. Then, he started getting suggestions from others, of mythical creatures that he did not know of, like the gandaberunda, which was actually the royal insignia of the Mysore royal family. Also, the Maratha kings of Tanjore have represented gandaberunda in a different format. In Mysore royalty, it is more of a symmetrical one and in the Tanjore way of doing it, the form is not so much. This facet of history, which offers multiple narratives (spanning time periods), of the same idea is what feeds everyone’s interests.Q. Which of the following statements is true about andril paravai ?(i) although they are mentioned a lot in literature, they are not represented much, visually.(ii) they are always spotted in pairs and do not survive without the other.(iii) they are seen as ornamentation around the deity in so many temples.(iv) the motif can be seen on the ceiling and walls of the Chittinavasal cave.

Read the following passage and answer the question.When the East India Company started conquering and taking control of territories in India, England was not a secular country with a wall of separation between church and state. Instead, the Church of England was the established church in the realm. King Henry VIII established the Church of England, and broke away from the Pope. Since 1520, every ruler of Great Britain bore the official title Defender of the Faith. The Act of Supremacy enacted in 1534 declared that the British monarch was the Supreme Head of the Church of England. The Act against the Popes Authority in 1536 dissolved the Popes authority. The Archbishop of Canterbury, or the most senior bishop in the Church of England, and other high-level church officials were all appointed by the government. The incomes of members of the clergy were supported by compulsory tithes or taxes imposed on some agricultural products. New monarchs were crowned by a high-ranking member of the clergy, and senior bishops were represented in the House of Lords.Similarly, pre-colonial rulers in India were intricately involved in the administration of religious institutions like temples and mosques. In 1790, for instance, Tipu Sultan, the Muslim ruler of Mysore, issued an order to his officials that Hindu temples were under their management, and that they were to ensure that the offerings to the gods and the temple illumination are duly regulated ... out of the government grants. According to one scholar, Tipu Sultan was following a pattern imposed by centuries of history in India.When the East India Company took over, it continued administering religious institutions that had been managed by prior, pre-colonial governments, partly because it was a good source of revenue and partly because it lent legitimacy to the ruling dispensation.For instance, in 1796, the British collector of Madras took over the administration of Hindu temples at Conjeevaram (Kanchipuram). The colonial government soon started enacting laws for administering temples and other religious institutions. In 1806, the government issued regulations for the superintendence and management of the Jagannath Temple in modern-day Odisha.Interestingly, the British referred to this temple as the Juggernaut Temple. The English word juggernaut is derived from this nomenclature, which can probably be attributed to an Anglican chaplain, Reverend Claudius Buchanan. In June 1806, Buchanan was horrified to see a Hindu pilgrim sacrificing himself to the idol at Jagannath. The pilgrim, said Buchanan, lay on the ground with his arms stretched forwards and was was crushed to death by the wheels of the tower carrying the idol. He wrote a book about his experiences at the Juggernaut Temple, which became quite popular.Q.From the given passage, which of the following can we infer about Claudius Buchanan?

Read the following passage and answer the question.When the East India Company started conquering and taking control of territories in India, England was not a secular country with a wall of separation between church and state. Instead, the Church of England was the established church in the realm. King Henry VIII established the Church of England, and broke away from the Pope. Since 1520, every ruler of Great Britain bore the official title Defender of the Faith. The Act of Supremacy enacted in 1534 declared that the British monarch was the Supreme Head of the Church of England. The Act against the Popes Authority in 1536 dissolved the Popes authority. The Archbishop of Canterbury, or the most senior bishop in the Church of England, and other high-level church officials were all appointed by the government. The incomes of members of the clergy were supported by compulsory tithes or taxes imposed on some agricultural products. New monarchs were crowned by a high-ranking member of the clergy, and senior bishops were represented in the House of Lords.Similarly, pre-colonial rulers in India were intricately involved in the administration of religious institutions like temples and mosques. In 1790, for instance, Tipu Sultan, the Muslim ruler of Mysore, issued an order to his officials that Hindu temples were under their management, and that they were to ensure that the offerings to the gods and the temple illumination are duly regulated ... out of the government grants. According to one scholar, Tipu Sultan was following a pattern imposed by centuries of history in India.When the East India Company took over, it continued administering religious institutions that had been managed by prior, pre-colonial governments, partly because it was a good source of revenue and partly because it lent legitimacy to the ruling dispensation.For instance, in 1796, the British collector of Madras took over the administration of Hindu temples at Conjeevaram (Kanchipuram). The colonial government soon started enacting laws for administering temples and other religious institutions. In 1806, the government issued regulations for the superintendence and management of the Jagannath Temple in modern-day Odisha.Interestingly, the British referred to this temple as the Juggernaut Temple. The English word juggernaut is derived from this nomenclature, which can probably be attributed to an Anglican chaplain, Reverend Claudius Buchanan. In June 1806, Buchanan was horrified to see a Hindu pilgrim sacrificing himself to the idol at Jagannath. The pilgrim, said Buchanan, lay on the ground with his arms stretched forwards and was was crushed to death by the wheels of the tower carrying the idol. He wrote a book about his experiences at the Juggernaut Temple, which became quite popular.Q.Which of the following best sums up the authors main point in the passage?

Read the following passage and answer the question.When the East India Company started conquering and taking control of territories in India, England was not a secular country with a wall of separation between church and state. Instead, the Church of England was the established church in the realm. King Henry VIII established the Church of England, and broke away from the Pope. Since 1520, every ruler of Great Britain bore the official title Defender of the Faith. The Act of Supremacy enacted in 1534 declared that the British monarch was the Supreme Head of the Church of England. The Act against the Popes Authority in 1536 dissolved the Popes authority. The Archbishop of Canterbury, or the most senior bishop in the Church of England, and other high-level church officials were all appointed by the government. The incomes of members of the clergy were supported by compulsory tithes or taxes imposed on some agricultural products. New monarchs were crowned by a high-ranking member of the clergy, and senior bishops were represented in the House of Lords.Similarly, pre-colonial rulers in India were intricately involved in the administration of religious institutions like temples and mosques. In 1790, for instance, Tipu Sultan, the Muslim ruler of Mysore, issued an order to his officials that Hindu temples were under their management, and that they were to ensure that the offerings to the gods and the temple illumination are duly regulated ... out of the government grants. According to one scholar, Tipu Sultan was following a pattern imposed by centuries of history in India.When the East India Company took over, it continued administering religious institutions that had been managed by prior, pre-colonial governments, partly because it was a good source of revenue and partly because it lent legitimacy to the ruling dispensation.For instance, in 1796, the British collector of Madras took over the administration of Hindu temples at Conjeevaram (Kanchipuram). The colonial government soon started enacting laws for administering temples and other religious institutions. In 1806, the government issued regulations for the superintendence and management of the Jagannath Temple in modern-day Odisha.Interestingly, the British referred to this temple as the Juggernaut Temple. The English word juggernaut is derived from this nomenclature, which can probably be attributed to an Anglican chaplain, Reverend Claudius Buchanan. In June 1806, Buchanan was horrified to see a Hindu pilgrim sacrificing himself to the idol at Jagannath. The pilgrim, said Buchanan, lay on the ground with his arms stretched forwards and was was crushed to death by the wheels of the tower carrying the idol. He wrote a book about his experiences at the Juggernaut Temple, which became quite popular.Q.Why did the author mention King Henry VIII and his acts of establishing the Church of England in the passage?

Read the following passage and answer the question.When the East India Company started conquering and taking control of territories in India, England was not a secular country with a wall of separation between church and state. Instead, the Church of England was the established church in the realm. King Henry VIII established the Church of England, and broke away from the Pope. Since 1520, every ruler of Great Britain bore the official title Defender of the Faith. The Act of Supremacy enacted in 1534 declared that the British monarch was the Supreme Head of the Church of England. The Act against the Popes Authority in 1536 dissolved the Popes authority. The Archbishop of Canterbury, or the most senior bishop in the Church of England, and other high-level church officials were all appointed by the government. The incomes of members of the clergy were supported by compulsory tithes or taxes imposed on some agricultural products. New monarchs were crowned by a high-ranking member of the clergy, and senior bishops were represented in the House of Lords.Similarly, pre-colonial rulers in India were intricately involved in the administration of religious institutions like temples and mosques. In 1790, for instance, Tipu Sultan, the Muslim ruler of Mysore, issued an order to his officials that Hindu temples were under their management, and that they were to ensure that the offerings to the gods and the temple illumination are duly regulated ... out of the government grants. According to one scholar, Tipu Sultan was following a pattern imposed by centuries of history in India.When the East India Company took over, it continued administering religious institutions that had been managed by prior, pre-colonial governments, partly because it was a good source of revenue and partly because it lent legitimacy to the ruling dispensation.For instance, in 1796, the British collector of Madras took over the administration of Hindu temples at Conjeevaram (Kanchipuram). The colonial government soon started enacting laws for administering temples and other religious institutions. In 1806, the government issued regulations for the superintendence and management of the Jagannath Temple in modern-day Odisha.Interestingly, the British referred to this temple as the Juggernaut Temple. The English word juggernaut is derived from this nomenclature, which can probably be attributed to an Anglican chaplain, Reverend Claudius Buchanan. In June 1806, Buchanan was horrified to see a Hindu pilgrim sacrificing himself to the idol at Jagannath. The pilgrim, said Buchanan, lay on the ground with his arms stretched forwards and was was crushed to death by the wheels of the tower carrying the idol. He wrote a book about his experiences at the Juggernaut Temple, which became quite popular.Q.According to the passage, which of the following would be considered a part of administrations role in the management of religious institutions?

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Who was the Pallav ruler when the Rath Temples at Mahabalipuram were built?a)Parmeshwar varmanb)Narsingh varman Ic)Narsingh varman IIId)Nadi varman ICorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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