Acids are chemical compounds that have the ability to donate hydrogen ions (H+) when they dissolve in water. They have a pH value of less than 7, and their solutions turn blue litmus paper red. Examples of acids include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and acetic acid.


Bases, on the other hand, are chemical compounds that have the ability to accept hydrogen ions (H+) when they dissolve in water. They have a pH value of more than 7, and their solutions turn red litmus paper blue. Examples of bases include sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and ammonia.


Salts are compounds that are formed when an acid reacts with a base. They are formed by the transfer of a hydrogen ion from the acid to the base, resulting in the formation of a salt and water. Salts have a pH value of 7, which is neutral. Examples of salts include sodium chloride, potassium nitrate, and calcium carbonate.

1. Acids donate hydrogen ions, while bases accept them. Salts are formed by the reaction between acids and bases.


2. Acids have a pH value of less than 7, while bases have a pH value of more than 7. Salts have a pH value of 7, which is neutral.


3. Acids turn blue litmus paper red, while bases turn red litmus paper blue. Salts do not change the color of litmus paper.


4. Acids have a sour taste, while bases have a bitter taste. Salts do not have a taste.


5. Acids are used in many chemical reactions, such as in the production of fertilizers and dyes. Bases are used in the production of soaps, detergents, and cleaning agents. Salts are used in many industries, such as in the production of glass, paper, and textiles.