Venturi Meter
The Venturi meter is a device used to measure the discharge of fluids, such as water or air. It works on the principle of Bernoulli's equation, which states that an increase in the velocity of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy.

Working Principle:
- The Venturi meter consists of a converging inlet section, a throat, and a diverging outlet section.
- As the fluid flows through the Venturi meter, the converging section causes the velocity of the fluid to increase, resulting in a decrease in pressure.
- The throat of the Venturi meter is the narrowest point, where the velocity of the fluid is at its maximum and the pressure is at its minimum.
- The diverging section then gradually expands, causing the velocity to decrease and the pressure to increase.
- By measuring the pressure difference between the inlet and throat sections of the Venturi meter, the flow rate or discharge of the fluid can be calculated using the Bernoulli's equation.

Advantages of Venturi Meter:
- Accurate and reliable measurement of flow rate.
- Minimal pressure loss compared to other flow measurement devices.
- Can be used for a wide range of flow rates and fluid types.
In conclusion, the Venturi meter is a commonly used device for measuring the discharge of fluids in various applications, including water supply systems, industrial processes, and environmental monitoring. Its simple yet effective design and accurate measurement capabilities make it a preferred choice for many engineers and technicians.