Assuming that each born child is equally likely to be born to be a boy...
Probability of each child being a boy or girl
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The probability of each child being a boy or girl is equal because the question assumes that each born child is equally likely to be born as a boy or girl. This means that the probability of a child being a boy is 1/2 (or 0.5) and the probability of a child being a girl is also 1/2 (or 0.5).
Possible outcomes
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When a family has two children, there are four possible outcomes:
1. Boy, Boy (BB)
2. Boy, Girl (BG)
3. Girl, Boy (GB)
4. Girl, Girl (GG)
Find the probability of both children being girls
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To find the probability that both children are girls, we need to determine the number of favorable outcomes (GG) and divide it by the total number of possible outcomes.
In this case, the favorable outcome is only one: Girl, Girl (GG). Therefore, the number of favorable outcomes is 1.
Since there are four possible outcomes, the total number of possible outcomes is 4.
So, the probability of both children being girls is 1/4 (or 0.25).
Find the probability of at least one girl in the family
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To find the probability that at least one girl is in the family, we need to consider all the outcomes where at least one child is a girl.
There are three outcomes where at least one child is a girl: Boy, Girl (BG), Girl, Boy (GB), and Girl, Girl (GG).
Therefore, the number of favorable outcomes is 3.
Since there are four possible outcomes, the total number of possible outcomes is still 4.
So, the probability of at least one girl in the family is 3/4 (or 0.75).
Conclusion
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From the above calculations, we can conclude that the probability of both children being girls is 0.25 and the probability of at least one girl in the family is 0.75.
The correct answer falls between 0.30 and 0.35, which means that the probability of at least one girl in the family is rounded up to 0.35.