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The phenomenon occurring in an open channel when a rapidly flowing stream abruptly changes to slowly flowing stream causing a distinct rise of liquid surface is
- a)water hammer
- b)hydraulic jump
- c)critical discharge
- d)specific energy
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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The phenomenon occurring in an open channel when a rapidly flowing st...
Hydraulic Jump in Open Channel Flow
Hydraulic jump is a phenomenon that occurs in open channel flow when a rapidly flowing stream abruptly changes to a slowly flowing stream causing a distinct rise of liquid surface. It is a rapid change in the depth of an open channel flow from high velocity, low-depth flow to low velocity, high-depth flow.
Causes of Hydraulic Jump
The hydraulic jump occurs due to the conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy. It occurs when the Froude number of the upstream flow is greater than 1, meaning that the flow is supercritical. When the supercritical flow encounters a sudden change in the channel slope or width, it causes a rapid increase in the depth of the flow, causing a hydraulic jump.
Features of Hydraulic Jump
Some of the features of hydraulic jump are:
- The upstream flow is supercritical, and the downstream flow is subcritical.
- The flow depth increases abruptly after the jump.
- The velocity of the flow decreases abruptly after the jump.
- The flow experiences energy loss due to turbulence.
Applications of Hydraulic Jump
Hydraulic jump is a vital phenomenon in open channel flow, and it has various applications, including:
- In spillways and weirs, hydraulic jump is used to dissipate the energy of the flow and prevent erosion.
- In irrigation channels, it is used to control water levels and prevent soil erosion.
- In water treatment plants, hydraulic jump is used to mix chemicals and remove impurities from the water.
Conclusion
Hydraulic jump is an essential phenomenon in open channel flow, and it occurs due to the conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy. It has various applications, including energy dissipation in spillways and weirs, water level control in irrigation channels, and water treatment in water treatment plants.
Hydraulic jump is a phenomenon that occurs in open channel flow when a rapidly flowing stream abruptly changes to a slowly flowing stream causing a distinct rise of liquid surface. It is a rapid change in the depth of an open channel flow from high velocity, low-depth flow to low velocity, high-depth flow.
Causes of Hydraulic Jump
The hydraulic jump occurs due to the conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy. It occurs when the Froude number of the upstream flow is greater than 1, meaning that the flow is supercritical. When the supercritical flow encounters a sudden change in the channel slope or width, it causes a rapid increase in the depth of the flow, causing a hydraulic jump.
Features of Hydraulic Jump
Some of the features of hydraulic jump are:
- The upstream flow is supercritical, and the downstream flow is subcritical.
- The flow depth increases abruptly after the jump.
- The velocity of the flow decreases abruptly after the jump.
- The flow experiences energy loss due to turbulence.
Applications of Hydraulic Jump
Hydraulic jump is a vital phenomenon in open channel flow, and it has various applications, including:
- In spillways and weirs, hydraulic jump is used to dissipate the energy of the flow and prevent erosion.
- In irrigation channels, it is used to control water levels and prevent soil erosion.
- In water treatment plants, hydraulic jump is used to mix chemicals and remove impurities from the water.
Conclusion
Hydraulic jump is an essential phenomenon in open channel flow, and it occurs due to the conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy. It has various applications, including energy dissipation in spillways and weirs, water level control in irrigation channels, and water treatment in water treatment plants.
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The phenomenon occurring in an open channel when a rapidly flowing stream abruptly changes to slowly flowing stream causing a distinct rise of liquid surface isa) water hammerb) hydraulic jumpc) critical discharged) specific energyCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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